One of the main structures in the Russian language is the concept and rule that such a subject and predicate. They are the very first to become familiar with the syntax. It is important to learn this material well so as not to return to it further when studying other topics.
What is the grammatical basis
There is always a certain design in the proposal. It is called the grammatical basis, consists of the subject and the predicate. These sentence members are related by meaning, and are shown in square brackets in the schematic.
The concept of a grammatical basis is associated with a sentence - the syntactic unit of the Russian language. That it is the smallest unit of communication. With it, thoughts and feelings are transmitted. So people turn to each other with a request or wish.
The grammatical basis includes both main members in a two-part sentence or one in a one-part sentence. By asking who? So what?" determine what or who it is about. Knowing what action is taking place, you can find the predicate.
It is important for children to explain what is subject and predicate. Rules begin to learn in elementary school. The extent to which the material will be understandable to them will depend on the literacy of written and oral communication. In the classroom, they also get acquainted with different parts of speech, pose questions, and consider them in the context of the proposal.
What is the subject?
Now let’s take it in order. In Russian, a noun is the main member of a sentence. It is easy to identify him by the question "who?" or "what?". In order to correctly identify the main terms in a sentence, you need to use the rule of what is predicate and subject, how to emphasize them. Here are some examples. There are several ways to express the subject:
- Noun: "Mom reads."
- Adjective: "Friends invited me to visit."
- Communion: "People talked a lot."
- Numeral: "Two will make this work faster."
- Adverb: "Tomorrow comes faster if you go to bed."
- Interjection: "Echoed loudly."
- Pronoun: "They told me about it."
- Infinitive: "To live - to serve the homeland."
- The phrase: "Three horses flashed past me."
- The term: "Cranberries - a useful berry."
- Phraseologism: "Your words are filkina deed."
Applying the rule of what is subject and predicate, we can conclude who is the main member in the transmitted information. The subject is necessary to indicate an object, living being, or important action. Emphasize it with a single horizontal line.
What you need to know about the predicate?
This is the same equal member of the sentence as the subject. The predicate is underlined by two horizontal lines. To determine it, you need to ask the question "what to do?", "What to do?" or "what are they doing?" The rule that is subject and predicate, indicates the categories of predicates. They are verbal, compound nominal and compound verb.
The first view is the simplest. It is expressed by a verb in a certain mood: indicative, imperative, conditional. It can be defined as a stable phrase and phraseologism: "I will also remember for a long time."
The compound verb predicate is an infinitive plus an auxiliary word indicating the grammatical meaning: "After five minutes, warm rain began to pour."
The compound nominal predicate includes the conjugation verb and the nominal part: "The morning seemed beautiful."
The rule of what is subject and predicate will help to correctly determine the main members of the sentence. They will indicate the main subject, phenomenon and action that they perform.
Types of predicate
A simple verb predicate is a complex form of the verb of any mood, tense and person. For instance:
- "I will dance".
- "We will sleep".
- "They will sculpt."
- "You will cook."
- "Let him answer; let him dance."
- "Yes, take it off."
This also includes the infinitive, acting in the form of a verb of indicative mood, phraseological verb combination with the meaning of the action.
A compound verb predicate is a verb plus an infinitive. With their help they express the action: start, stop, continue. The group contains modal verbs expressing intention, desire, expression of will, ability to be able, to strive, to manage. they also distinguish the part of speech that expresses the emotional state - love, fear, hatred, courage, habit. It can be short adjectives, words of state - it is possible and impossible, impersonal verbs - it follows, it costs, it is required.
Use of the main members of the sentence: examples
To understand with an example what subject and predicate are, let us consider how the main terms of a sentence are determined:
- "The riot of different colors attracts plants" is the predicate of the indicative mood in the present tense of the third person.
- “I already will know” - the main member of the sentence is expressed by the indicative mood in the future tense of the singular of the 1st person.
Thus, the study of the rules will help to correctly determine the subject and the predicate - important components of any text.