The Novgorod region is located in the northwest of the European territory of Russia. It is part of the Northwestern Federal District. The administrative center of the region approved the city of Veliky Novgorod. The Novgorod region adjoins the Pskov, Tver, Leningrad and Vologda regions. The area of the region is 55.3 thousand km 2 . The population of the Novgorod region is 606 476 people.
General information about the Novgorod region
The region is located in a flat lowland, sometimes covered with swamps. The southeastern part of this region belongs to the Valdai Upland with heights of up to 300 meters, and the northeastern part to the Tikhvin ridge. The territory of the region, for the most part, is covered by forests belonging to the southern taiga and mixed types. There are three protected natural areas, many reserves and natural monuments.
The climate of this area is humid, slightly continental. Summer is not hot, winter is relatively mild.
The industry is represented by 1519 enterprises, of which 187 are large and medium. The industrial sector provides 40 percent of the gross regional product. It employs 21.5% of the working population. However, relative to the total industrial production of Russia, the share of the region is less than 1 percent. Manufacturing is predominant, primarily chemical, woodworking, metallurgy, pulp and paper, food and engineering.
The population of the Novgorod region
The number of residents of the Novgorod region, as already indicated, is 606,476 people for 2018. The population density of the Novgorod region is 11 people / km 2 . The share of urban population is 70.98%.
The population dynamics shows a gradual decline, which continues to this day. In 1900, it was more than twice as large as it is now. A slight increase in the number of inhabitants was noted only in the 80s of the twentieth century.
The negative natural population growth of the Novgorod region has developed since the 90s and continued, although at a slightly lower pace, also after 2010.
In 2017, 6,234 people were born in the region, which is 970 fewer than in 2016. The birth rate was 10.2 per 1000 inhabitants. At the same time, the number of families with more than one child has increased. The number of deaths amounted to 10,435 people, which is 301 lower than in 2016. Of the 1,000 people who died in 2017, there were 17.1, and this is the lowest value in the last two decades.
In 2017, the population decline due to migration amounted to 1871 people.
All these data were submitted by Novgorodstat.
The average life expectancy is quite low, and ranged from 60 to 70 years in different years. Its decrease was noted in the 1st half of the 90s and the beginning of the 2000s, and the increase - in the second half of the 90s and from 2004 to the present. The exception was only 2008.
National population structure
Most Russians in the Novgorod region are 88%. In second place are Ukrainians - 1.11%. On the third - gypsies, and on the fourth - Belarusians. The remaining nationalities are represented by fractions of a percent.
The population of the cities of the Novgorod region
The greatest number of inhabitants is noted in Veliky Novgorod - 222 thousand people. In second place is the city of Borovichi with a population of 52 thousand people. The third is the city of Staraya Russa. Here the population is 29,700 people. Half of the population lives in the cities of Pestovo, Chudovo and Valdai. The cities of Malaya Vishera and Okulovka are somewhat less crowded.
The population of the Novgorod region
The most populated in the region is the Borovichi municipal district, where 66,668 people live, including 52,212 city residents. The second largest in number is the Novgorod Municipal District. It numbers 60,491 people, including 14,231 citizens. In third place is the Starorussky municipal district. 44 722 inhabitants live here, including 29 728 city residents. The Okulovsky municipal district, with 23,097 inhabitants, is also quite densely populated.
The most sparsely populated area of the Novgorod region is the Marevsky municipal district, where 4340 people live.
All information on the population of cities and regions was provided by Rosstat.
Conclusion
Thus, the Novgorod region is characterized by the negative population dynamics typical of many regions of Russia. This is primarily due to the high mortality rate and low birth rate in this Russian region. A certain role is played by the migration outflow of the population. As in other Russian regions, life expectancy in the region is gradually increasing, however, negative natural growth remains, although its value has become somewhat less in recent years.
To improve the demographic situation, more attention should be paid to family support programs and to provide the population with a sufficient number of jobs, not only in cities, but also in rural areas. At the moment, this region is not very attractive for living, but with the development of the economy and tourism, the situation will improve, which will positively affect demographic indicators.