In every language there are words that cause bewilderment among foreigners. Such lexical units have one unique feature: they are identical in writing and pronunciation. From the school course of the Russian language, you probably remember that such components of the native language are called homonyms. More to understand what homonyms are, what properties they have, this article will help.
We find such
unusual words every day in everyday life, but do not attach any meaning to them. The simplest examples of these lexical units are onions in the meaning of plants and onions as weapons. Such nouns are a clear demonstration of complete homonymy. This means that the words presented coincide in absolutely all grammatical forms. This category also includes such a noun as a key: an item that helps to open the
door lock, and a spring - a source of drinking water.
The definition of what homonyms cannot be unambiguous, if only because there are many subcategories of this lexical section. One of them is incomplete homonymy, that is, the coincidence of words related to a single
part of speech in only some word forms. The simplest illustration of this group is the word "plant". As you know, a plant is a manufacturing enterprise. On the other hand, a watch can have a factory. Partial homonymy in this case is manifested in the fact that this word in the second meaning does not have a
plural form.
Thus, polysemous words and homonyms are in certain situations identical lexical units. The main thing is not to confuse that homonyms are always words with a large number of diverse meanings, but rather, this does not always happen.
What are homonyms, understand, for example, the British. In their native language, there are also words that are written and pronounced exactly the same. The most common example is bat. On the one hand, this is a
bat, and on the other, a baseball bat. But, despite the similarity of lexical phenomena in the language, it is extremely difficult for foreigners to correctly interpret the meaning of Russian homonyms.
Homonyms in the Russian language, as in many other world dialects, can be distinguished from each other only in context. If, for example, we are talking about how to properly water and fertilize onions, it will immediately become clear to everyone that this is a plant. In that case, if it is described how to pull a bowstring, it means a weapon.
There is another group of words that is on a par with homonymy. It combines words that are pronounced the same, but are written differently. Cat - code, bow - meadow and many other lexical units have identical phonetic analysis, but different meanings and spelling are called omoforms.
The Russian language is a storehouse of amazing phenomena, many of which are difficult to understand and research. But you, having read this article, have taken a step toward studying your native language and have learned what homonyms and homo forms are, so you can be congratulated: our great and mighty has already revealed some of its secrets to you!