In the first years of schooling, students lay in the head all the knowledge necessary for successful education in the subsequent years of secondary and high school. Therefore, it is especially important to remember well and be able to apply all the material that is taught in school, starting from the first grade. This is especially true of mathematics and the Russian language, traditionally considered fundamental sciences, without knowledge of which it is impossible to well understand other school subjects.
In principle, it is, because, for example, the ability to build a proposal scheme from grade 1 develops not only this practical skill, but also to some extent shows the logical structure of the Russian language. This, of course, can help in the future development of this subject. This also works for other items. And since almost the entire Russian language program is easier to learn from examples of sentences, this method will be used in this article as well. This is nothing complicated!
The main members of the proposal. What are you talking about?
Before dealing with example proposal schemes, you should know what these “members” are. Do you know what they can be? As indicated from grade 1 in the sentence scheme.
So, the subject is the main term that denotes the person or object in question. Most often, in sentences, living creatures or objects that have any properties, qualities and characteristics, perform (or do not) perform any action, or are in some state, are subject. This does not work only for single-compound sentences.
A predicate is the same main member of a sentence that describes the properties, actions, or condition of the subject. However, grammatical foundations are most often used in schemes of sentences of the 1st class, in which the predicate is a verb. By the way, the grammatical basis is subject and predicate. Caution: without any secondary members!
Example of parsing sentences (only grammatical basis) No. 1
Better to start with a simple one. Here is an example parsing a sentence: "I eat ice cream."
You can ask questions, for example: who or what performs the action? Answer: I, therefore, “I” is a subject. Then, from the subject, you can ask a question to the predicate: am I doing what? Answer: eat, therefore, "eat" is a predicate.
A common mistake in constructing a sentence scheme in grade 1 may be the definition of the word "ice cream" as a subject. To prevent such a mistake, you can check yourself like this. One needs to understand whether the situation is possible so that the predicate and the supposed subject are logically connected. So, within the meaning of this proposal, it is clear that ice cream cannot be the main character in the proposal, since ice cream cannot perform such an action as "eat". Thus, it is understood that the function of the word “ice cream” is secondary.
Example of parsing sentences (only grammatical basis) No. 2
Now consider the analysis of the sentence: "Homework was completed by me."
Despite the fact that the object performing the action, it would seem, is not the word “task”, but the word “me” (that is, “I”), one must take into account, firstly, the form of the passive voice of the predicate, and secondly that the subject always takes the form of only a nominative case.
Minor members
On the topic of sentence schemes, only the three most frequently used secondary members are covered in grade 1: addition, definition, and circumstance. In the diagrams they are denoted as follows.
In this sentence, “in the park” is an addendum (since it answers the questions of indirect cases, that is, all but the nominative), “beautiful” is defined (since it answers the question “what?”), And “long” is a circumstance (as it describes the circumstances of the situation of the proposal.
You are now familiar with the first-class program on supply schemes.