Various kinds of energy are used in many industries. However, recently the need for the use of energy carriers in everyday life has sharply increased. This is due to the consumer's desire for independence and autonomy. More and more people are ready to change city apartments with suburban cottages and houses away from the bustle of the city. Heating oil has become the most sought-after resource for generating heat. It is impractical to use gas and electricity as heating the room and water. Moreover, heating oil emits much more energy during combustion than diesel fuel, which makes it the most suitable energy source for heating homes. And this cannot but rejoice, since the ratio of price and heat transfer of heating oil is relatively higher than traditional types of heating.
Heating oil is a residual product of the distillation of oil, which, depending on its viscosity, is divided into several grades that determine its purpose.
Kinds
The heating oil standard provides for several grades: light, medium and heavy. At the same time, the quality-determining properties are viscosity, pour point and combustion temperature, the amount of thermal energy emitted, the content of water, sulfur and other impurities.
Also, household stove fuel is sorted by percentage of sulfur. So, the presence of sulfur of not more than 0.5% defines it as low sulfur. Sulfur is called fuel with a sulfur content of not more than 1.1%.
Also distinguish light heating oil and dark.
Features of light heating oil
The main property of this variety is the calorific value. This contributed to the recognition of this type of fuel as the best energy source. It is used for combustion in heating installations of residential premises, as well as for the operation of generators in agriculture.
Lightening of dark heating oil is also practiced. Special technology using an environmentally friendly extractant allows not only to discolor the fuel, but also to reduce the sulfur content. Lightening is carried out chemically. However, if heating oil contains aromatic hydrocarbons, then the cost of the clarification process significantly exceeds the cost of the liquid itself.
Storage and transportation conditions
One of the many advantages of this type of fuel is the absence of any special requirements for transportation and storage. The only storage requirement is closed containers with mandatory fluid circulation. However, in order not to increase the viscosity of the oil product, it must be stored in heat.
Transportation can be carried out in special tanks with a drain hole in the lower part. The tank must be equipped with a pressure control system, in addition, it must have air valves. Fill the tank should be no more than 95% of the total volume.
In insignificant volumes, transportation of heating oil in cans and polymer barrels is allowed.