Grammatical mistakes are made even by competent people. It is easy to notice that some of the rules of the Russian are not difficult, while others regularly stumble on the majority. The point is not so much that these rules are complex. Rather, they are simply inconvenient, and some have so many exceptions and application features that their presentation takes a whole sheet - it seems that they cannot be learned without being an academician.
Consider the most common mistakes in the Russian language, committed not by schoolchildren, but by fairly competent people.
What is considered a grammatical error?
A grammatical error is a violation of a generally accepted established norm. Any mistakes related to word formation (for example, the wrong suffix is used to form a word ), morphology (for example, incorrect verb declension), syntax (for example, adverbial phrase inconsistent with the main sentence ) are called grammatical .
Grammatical errors should be distinguished from spelling or speech.
The most common mistakes are related to punctuation:
1. Many people are accustomed to marking “however” with commas and are very surprised when Word underlines the comma after it as an error. More careful ones notice that a comma after “however” is considered a mistake only when it is at the beginning of a sentence. Indeed, if the meaning of this word is similar to “nevertheless”, “nonetheless”, and it is in the middle of the sentence, then it is considered an introductory one, and it must be separated by commas. If it means “but”, as, for example, in the sentence “However, she did not understand him” (= “But she did not understand him”), then there is no need to put a comma.
2. Often there is confusion with the signs "dashes" and "colon". Many, faced with complex sentences in which the union is missing, intuitively understand that it is necessary to put a more "solid" sign than a comma. But which one? The rule is actually quite simple. It is necessary to choose the most appropriate words instead of the missed union.
If the meaning of such words as “what”, “because”, “namely,” is appropriate, then you need to put a colon. Also, a colon is put if the first sentence ends with words denoting perception and suggesting that a description will follow them. These may be words: see, understand, feel, etc.
Examples:
I remember (what): it was evening, a quiet flute played.
He was a complex person (namely): hot-tempered, biliary, sullen.
I recognized him right away: (because) he wore one yellow boot.
I see: a barge is floating, there is a barefooted boy on it, tanned, unfamiliar, but sparkles with a smile and in the next second waves my hand.
If you can insert words such as "a", "but", "and", "like", "this", "therefore", "like", then you need to use a dash.
He stepped widely (and) - his pants were torn.
Overseas heifers (this) - half, but a rupe transported.
The wind blew - (therefore) groaned, the old boron creaked.
A dash is also given when the words “if” or “when” can be added at the beginning of a sentence.
Examples:
(When) I thought of Grisha - he is right there.
(If) I get a fee - let's wave to the sea!
Grammatical errors related to morphology
Difficulties cause “nn” in suffixes (although everyone remembers glass, tin, wooden), it is especially difficult to deal with the double “n” in dialects. And also many are embarrassed by the use of particles of no / none. A lot of educated people, imperceptibly for themselves, are mistaken in management. What is right, "control" or "control"? The confusion between them is another popular grammar mistake. Example:
- quality control of performance;
- control over the execution of the order;
- water level control.
Which option is correct? All. This or that type of control in this case is selected depending on the features of the subsequent word. For example, "control" is used before verbal nouns (execute - execution). There are other subtleties.
This article does not mention all common grammatical errors. It is entirely possible to learn not to commit them by learning the rules. We hope that we were able to demonstrate that the knowledge of the secrets of the mother tongue is fascinating, and sometimes a superficial acquaintance with the rule is enough to realize all its logic and expediency. We also hope that you have noticed options for using the above rules in the article itself, and not just under the headings "examples".