Surprisingly, Kolpino is not only a district, but also a city inside the city of federal significance of St. Petersburg. Well-developed industry and social infrastructure provides residents with pretty good living conditions.
General information
The intracity municipality - the city of Kolpino, is the administrative center of the eponymous district of St. Petersburg. Located on the Prievskaya lowland, on the banks of the Izhora River (left tributary of the Neva). The historical center of St. Petersburg is located 26 km to the north-west. The Moscow-St. Petersburg railway passes through the district. The population of Kolpino in 2018 is 145,721 people.
A significant part of the industry of St. Petersburg is concentrated in Kolpino. The city-forming enterprise is Izhora Plant, which produces equipment for the nuclear industry and the petrochemical industry. In addition, more than 30 industrial enterprises operate in the city.
Pre-revolutionary time
Founded Kolpino in 1722, as a working settlement at the saw mill (wood processing plant for water traction). In 1912 it received the status of a city, in 1936 it became the center of the district of the same name.
There are several theories about the origin of the name. The generally accepted, scientific - from the word "kolp", so in the Baltic Slavic languages was called wild goose. The second version, an urban legend popular among the population of Kolpino. Tsar Peter, when wandering in this area stumbled over a pine stake, the second part of the “pinot” is believed to have come from the Finnish word - “swamp”.
The first reliable data on the population of Kolpino date back to 1852. At that time, 5,621 people lived in the village, most of whom were Orthodox, Catholics, Protestants, Jews and Mohammedans (Muslims) also lived. Industry quickly developed in the city, thanks to the presence of rivers on which 6 saw mills had already been installed by the 19th century. The population grew rapidly, mainly due to peasants who arrived here from the central provinces of Russia. According to the latest data of the pre-revolutionary period, in 1910, already 16,000 people lived in the settlement.
Latest time
Two wars severely affected the city; by 1920, the population of Kolpino had declined to 11,000. Soviet industrialization had a beneficial effect on the main enterprise of the city, Izhorskiy Zavod expanded, mastered the production of new products, including the first Soviet blooms. At the beginning of the war, the city had a population of 59,000. During the blockade, in 1944, only 2,196 people lived in the district. After the lifting of the blockade, the evacuees began to return and in 1945 there were already 7,404 colpins.
The prewar population was restored only by the end of the 60s. In 1970, the population of Kolpino reached 70,178 people. All subsequent years of Soviet power, the population grew both due to natural growth and due to the migration flow from other regions of the country. In the last Soviet year (1991), 145,000 people lived in the city. From 1993 to 2002 the number of inhabitants declined due to the industrial crisis. Then the population grew, mainly due to natural growth. The maximum population of 145,721 was reached in 2018.
Employment
The Kolpino Employment Center is located at Pavlovskaya St., 1/21. The city has a rather low unemployment rate, including due to the state workload of the Izhora Plant. Jobs currently offered by the employment center:
- low-skilled workers, including an auxiliary worker, security guard, janitor, with a salary of 17,000–20,000 rubles;
- medium-skilled workers, including labor standardization engineer, manager, system administrator, optician, fiberglass molder, carpenter, carpenter, with a salary of 35,000-40,000 rubles;
- highly skilled workers, including a surveyor, turner, carousel, turner, boring worker with a salary of 50,000-60,000 rubles.