Retail has always been relevant. It doesn’t matter what it is about: seasonal or everyday goods. There is a target audience for any product. To organize the work, you need to select the goods, rent a room, hire personnel, buy equipment, find suppliers. All these stages should be pre-planned and calculated. For this purpose, the store’s business plan is being formed.
Kinds
We will not dwell on the classification of trading establishments, we emphasize only that each store has its own characteristics that affect the profitability of the enterprise and which the owner should definitely consider.
- Before you open a clothing store, you should evaluate the catalogs of competitors in the region. It’s best to promote either individual items or consumer goods.
- A children's goods store will be profitable if it is located next to a kindergarten or school.
- The peculiarity of the grocery store is that, although there are consumer goods here, raising the price of products too much does not make sense. To compete in the market, you need to create a wide range of products at competitive prices.
- The easiest way to open a flower shop. However, this type of business has a number of disadvantages, for example, inconsistent income, low profitability and a spoiled type of product.
- Another popular area is e-commerce. Opening a store on the Internet is not difficult, but putting it in the top ten keywords on demand is difficult.
- A beer stall or a shop with a wide range of alcoholic beverages is best located near a restaurant or cafe.
All these nuances should be considered when developing a store business plan.
What is it for?
Whatever product or service you promote, you need to clearly plan the project for its implementation. The business plan of the store includes not only the calculation of profitability, but also the definition of sales markets, costing. At the planning stage, you need to analyze the target audience, seasonality of the product, find “points with high traffic”, to study the prices of competitors. A well-prepared plan will allow you to find an inverter, as it will contain information about the required amount of investment and the payback period of the project.
You can entrust the preparation of a business plan for opening a consulting company store. It employs specialists who have extensive experience in planning and implementing entrepreneurial activities. Their projects are fundamentally different from home-made plans. It is important not only to calculate all the costs, but also to develop marketing moves to attract customers. Specialists of consulting companies also take on this task.
Let us consider in more detail how to draw up a store business plan.
Where to begin?
Before you open a store, you need to understand well:
- In their professional skills. It will be difficult for a welder to sell plumbing, and an electrician to build materials.
- In their hobbies. The seller’s task is not only to sell products, he also needs to consult the buyer regarding its properties and qualities. If you are fond of hunting, it is worth opening a hunting store, and not selling computer equipment.
That is, it is better to choose the field of activity in that niche that is well known. In this case, it will be easier to deal with product features.
Demand analysis
The first step is to determine the scope of activity and analyze the market for goods. If the choice fell on consumer goods, such as food, then the category should be clarified (dairy, meat products, confectionery, etc.). You should not spray immediately on all segments, it is better to choose one direction and actively develop it. So it will be easier to draw up a business plan for creating a store and find a buyer. For example, auto parts stores not of a specific brand, but the country of the manufacturer bring more profit: component parts for Russian, European or Japanese cars.
Most of the nuances should be considered when opening a grocery store:
- Format of implementation: supermarket, self-service or counter.
- Promotion strategy: high prices and first-class service (for example, organic products) or low prices.
- Location: the store should be located in a densely populated area with good traffic.
- The room in which the products will be stored must comply with state standards. In addition to the necessary refrigerators, such rooms are often equipped with cameras, racks and air conditioning.
Range
When choosing a product range, you should adhere to such rules:
- It is better to order goods in bulk via the Internet. Large suppliers specifically for this purpose create sites, post pictures of products on them, their description and cost. If the goods are imported from another region, you should ask the supplier in advance what transport companies he works with so as not to overpay for logistics services.
- If for the sale of goods you need special equipment, then it is better to order it directly from the manufacturer. This will save about 40% of the cost, taking into account delivery.
The main assortment of goods is best purchased from wholesalers. They have more choices, which saves on shipping. In addition, with wholesalers you can agree on a deferral of 14 days or payment upon receipt of the goods.
Business Registration
Before you open a store, you should officially register the organization. Entrepreneurship, especially in the early stages, is best done in the form of IP. In this case, it will be necessary to send 9% of income on monthly tax payments. Legal restrictions should be considered. Individual entrepreneurs do not have the right to sell alcohol. If an entrepreneur plans to immediately open several outlets, it makes sense to register an LLC.
To register a business, you need to select an activity code from the OKVED 2014 classifier, prepare copies of the founders' passports, pay the state duty and submit all documents to the IFTS at the place of residence. If the application for registration of entrepreneurial activity is correctly filled out, the OGRIP certificate will be issued in 3 days. You should also immediately order a USRIP statement worth 200 rubles. It is compiled within 7 days. Without this document, opening a bank account will not work.
If an entrepreneur did not work anywhere before registering an IP, then the tax office will immediately issue a TIN. For the duration of the business, the code of the legal entity will be the same as the code of the individual. There is no need to transfer data to the FIU. This will be done by the fiscal service.
Taxation
When compiling a business plan for a clothing store, special attention should be paid to the taxation scheme. CJSC, OJSC and almost all LLC are on the full system, that is, organizations pay VAT and income tax. Individual entrepreneurs can choose one of the simplified schemes:
- PSN (patent). If the trading floor does not exceed an area of ​​more than 50 m 2 , it is best to register a patent for doing business.
- UTII, if the store area is from 50 to 150 m 2 .
Such taxation schemes are available only to retail stores. To carry out non-cash transactions, work with organizations and banking institutions, a USN should be registered.
The law provides for the simultaneous use of STS with PSN and UTII.
Bank account
It is very difficult to engage in entrepreneurial activity, carrying out operations only for cash. After all, you need to pay rent, purchase materials, pay salaries, transfer taxes. Even in a retail store, you can install a terminal and accept payment by credit card. To do this, you need a checking account.
Choose a bank for service should be based on:
- institution reliability;
- convenience of service;
- the availability of Internet services;
- maintenance costs.
Reliability rating is better to view not national, but regional. It is clear that Serbank and VTB Group are market leaders in all financial indicators. However, banking institutions with a good reputation and quality of service may be in your area. If entrepreneurs have to wait in line to get to the manager or the cashier, then in such institutions it is not recommended to open an account.
Today, virtually all non-cash transactions can be carried out without leaving the office. To do this, it is enough to register in Internet banking. Therefore, you should familiarize yourself with the offers in the market for opening and maintaining an account, the implementation of each operation.
Staff
While the registration process is underway, you can search the premises for the store and pre-calculate the number of sales consultants, cashiers, security officers, determine their work schedule, and salary size. It’s better to select specialists, but you can hire quickly trained people and pay them training courses. Work in the small pavilion is enough for one person, and in the small pavilion you can organize a shift schedule for 2-4 employees.
Cost calculation
At the first stage, you will need to pay for logo design services, legal registration, rental of premises, repairs, equipment, lighting, purchase of goods. Costs largely depend on the direction of the business and will be described in more detail below when considering a financial plan. After conducting a detailed costing, you can search for investors. You can invest your savings, attract friends' funds, take a loan or receive government assistance.
Organization of a place of trade
Product selected, registered IP, what else is needed to open a store? Organize a place of trade. It’s not enough just to find a storeroom in a “walkable quarter”. It still needs to be equipped.
The trading counter can be made of DPS, the color of which will harmoniously fit into the interior of the entire room. Standing all day on your feet is very difficult. Therefore, not far from the counter should be located a comfortable chair. Accounting for all operations (receipt of goods, its sale) is carried out through software. This can be a 1C program in any configuration. To connect the terminal, you also have to install the software on a PC. In any case, the cost of buying a laptop, software and connecting the terminal should be included in the business plan of the store - clothing, industrial goods or grocery, it does not matter.
Each buyer is issued a sales receipt. If the flow of customers is small, then you can write checks manually on special forms. Individual entrepreneurs who have chosen a patent scheme and UTII may not buy a full-fledged cash register for 20 thousand rubles, but rather use an NPM. This machine does not have fiscal printing. You do not need to register it and pay a monthly service fee. The cost of such equipment is 7-8 thousand rubles.
You should purchase a tablet with a work schedule and place the racks around the perimeter of the room.
Store business plan: sample financial part
Suppose an entrepreneur wants to open a point of sale of clothing in a densely populated area. What are the estimated costs and benefits?
- Product - 50 000 rubles. (with a margin of 6 months).
- A room with an area of ​​20 m 2 - 20 000 rubles. per month.
- Personnel - 10,000 rubles. per month (salary of the seller), 20 000 rub. per month (salary accountant).
- Equipment (2000 rub. Per 1 m 2 ) on the territory of 20 m 2 - 20 000 rub.
- Banking services - 1000 rubles. per month.
- Advertising - 10,000 rubles.
- Registration IP - 1000 rubles.
Total: 132 000 rub. - expenses for the first month.
Every month you have to pay salaries to staff, rent, banking services for a total of 51 thousand rubles. For the period of business development, you need to have the amount of expenses for six months in advance, that is, 306 thousand rubles.
Total: 306 + 132 = 438 thousand rubles.
When the margin on the product is 50%, the monthly revenue will be 75 thousand rubles.
Payback period for initial investments: 132/75 = 1.76 months.
438/75 = 5.84 months, that is, six months later, when the entrepreneur runs out of development funds, investment in the store will fully pay off.
The planned monthly profit is: 75 - 51 = 24 thousand rubles.
Profitability of the business: 24/75 = 32%.
The entrepreneur determines the level of profitability individually. It does not make sense to raise prices for consumer goods, since you can lose the buyer. If we are talking about the sale of exclusive clothing, then the margin may be 200%, but in this case all other expense items will increase. In addition, it is difficult to predict the level of demand for exclusive groups of goods.
Here's how to open a store from scratch. The business plan is presented in a simplified form. The amount of salary expenses includes salary, including taxes. For the period of business development, there is no need to hire a full-time accountant. You can use the services of third-party companies or do accounting yourself. In the future, to attract customers and increase demand, you can connect a bank terminal and additionally transfer 2% of the turnover to the bank. According to statistics, the presence of a terminal in a store increases sales by 30% per month. It is psychologically easier for a person to part with electronic money. And nobody is safe from spontaneous purchases.
The business plan of the store does not contain information about the level of market prices for goods, since it is assumed that this analysis was previously carried out by the seller. The amount of the purchase of goods is presented with a margin of several months. Usually on the opening day of the store they arrange promotions. Therefore, it is rather difficult to plan the demand for products. It is not recommended to create large stocks at the first stages, because the demand for products is not yet known. Therefore, it is better to make a wide range of goods, but with a small margin.
An example of calculating a store’s business plan presented earlier is based on the fact that the store will not be opened on the eve of the holiday. Otherwise, you will have to buy seasonal goods and stylistically decorate the room.
What do you need to open a store? If you are planning a grand opening, then you should prepare leaflets, balloons and decorate the hall in advance. The total amount of expenses will not exceed 5 thousand rubles.