Let's start with the general data. Sentences can be either two-part (a subject is required with the predicate), and one-part (here, according to the name, there is only one main member of the sentence: either the subject or the predicate).
Single-component sentences are divided into two types (or groups). In one group there is one main member - the subject, and in the second group - the predicate. The second group of sentences, in connection with the heterogeneity of the structure, is divided into types of impersonal, indefinitely personal, generalized personal, definitely personal and nominal.
Now consider each type separately and in more detail.
Single-component sentences with a subject (sentences called nicknames), report the existence of a certain subject or express an emotionally-evaluative relationship to it. For instance:
Morning!
Silence!
Strawberry is fragrant!
Nominative sentences containing “out” or “here” particles are usually indicative. For instance:
There is a tree!
Here is a sample.
Here is a book!
Non-common sentence sentences consist of one word, which is at the same time the main member, and widespread include several members of the sentence:
Great depth below us.
Strange expression in the eyes.
Pacific Ocean at the feet.
As a subject, sentence sentences usually contain pronouns, numerals or nouns:
Cold!
Heat!
There you are!
The second of January.
Monolithic impersonal sentences consist of a predicate in the third person singular future or present tense. It is possible to use a verb in the past tense (neuter gender). Examples:
It is getting light.
It is dawn.
Is getting warm.
It's getting warm.
The condition in them is involuntary, independent of anyone and on nothing.
In impersonal sentences, the predicate is expressed in different ways:
1. The impersonal verb:
It was getting dark.
2. The personal verb in the third person singular (with impersonal use):
Already sent to the pharmacy for medicine.
3. Status category:
You feel good?
4. Infinitive:
Be a quarrel!
5. The auxiliary impersonal verb (with the infinitive):
I wanted to take a walk.
6. Status category (with the same infinitive):
It is interesting to observe.
7. Denials - neither, no (colloquial), no:
There is no justice in the world!
Impersonal sentences are capable of conveying a gamut of feelings and colors, revealing the states of people or the beauty of nature, conveying the meanings of inevitability, significance, delight, etc.
Certain personal one-part sentences as the main member contain the predicate, expressed in personal form (first or second person), or in the imperative mood of the predicate (person defined):
I love noisy parties!
Let's call after ...
How do you live?
In interrogative sentences, as well as in narrative ones, action is expressed (interlocutor, interlocutors, speaker, speakers):
I’m going to sea tomorrow.
What do you prefer to listen to?
Motivational suggestions encourage the interlocutor to act:
Look!
Write!
Listen up!
Offers are independent.
Uncertain personal singular sentences contain the predicate as the main term expressed by a verb in the third person, in the plural, future or present tense, or in the plural and past tense. Face and action not defined:
Knock!
They are calling!
They are calling!
Shout!
Today it was reported that ...
Suggestions do not need subject.
Generalized-personal single-compound sentences are expressed by the predicate in the second person, singular (or in the third person and plural) in the future, present tense. It can be used in the imperative mood (plural) and in the second person singular:
Since you love to ride, love to sled!
Single and double sentences are sometimes confused. For instance:
What happened?
The ravine that is located behind the forest.
Here, the subject is expressed by pronouns (interrogative in the first example and relative in the second). Attention and a clear knowledge of the definitions of parts of speech will provide the correct answers.