Complex sentences in the Russian language have a heterogeneous structure, different means of communication and shades of meaning. The subordinate parts in them are divided into explanatory, definitive, and circumstantial.
Adjunctive explanatory
Like all types of
complex sentences, SPP with an explanatory
clause is built on the principle of semantic and structural incompleteness in the main part, which is a necessary condition for the presence of the clause as a complementary and explanatory component. In syntactic constructions of this type in the main part, as a rule, one of the members is missing: subject or complement. The task of the secondary part is to make up for the missing elements, to explain them, if necessary, to distribute:
On long dank nights, I dreamed that one day the sun would warm, spring would come, and all this hell of cold and dampness would leave us for at least some time.The subjunctive explanatory sentence is attached to the main thing with the help of allied words and unions: how much, where, what, how much, so that, as if , etc. The main type of connection between the two parts is control: the verb forms of the main control the grammatical forms of the other members of the subordinate: He is naive and stupid, who believes that the scoundrel can be corrected, re-educated.
The relative explanatory
clause is required for a
complex sentence, in the main part of which there is:
1. Verbs of lexical-semantic groups:
- "Perception": to feel, hear, feel , etc .;
- “Emotional-psychological state”: to want, to be bored, to be glad, to be sad, to regret , etc .;
- “Speaking”: explain, agree, tell, shout, yell, speak , etc .;
- “Thought process”: consider, understand, think , etc .;
- “Emotional message”: threaten, pray, complain.
2. Adjectives that perform the control function and express different shades of emotional states: happy, agree, guilty .
3. Modal-predicative units: necessary, painful, sorry .
In the sentence, the subjunctive is always after the words being defined. This criterion is a major limitation. The place of the subordinate clause may be after the main one or inside it: The fact that many laws of nature cease to work, scientists have again seriously started talking recently.
Vocabulary vocabulary groups with secondary explanatory
The unions that attach the subordinate part to the main one help to express some semantic relations arising between the structures of the NGN, for example:
- The relative explanatory clause with the union that tells about the facts that are real and have a place to be: I was not mistaken in the statement that the thunderstorm will begin not earlier than in the evening.
- The Union, as in SPP, refers to those words in the main sentence that are related to the expression of thought processes and perceptions: We noticed how one stood out from the total mass of horsemen and galloped a little off.
- The adjective addendum, attached to the main unions , as if as if others give the predicative unit a general connotation of semantic uncertainty, an element of the presumption of what is reported in it: It seemed to him as if his mother were not completely satisfied.
Naturally, there are a lot of such additional shades. Thanks to them, the communicative and informational framework of complex sentences is expanding and their total number in our speech is increasing.