In the south of our country, on the banks of the Kuban River, is located the city of Krasnodar. The history of the city dates back to the distant 1793. During this time, many changes have occurred, both good and not so good. The status of the city of Krasnodar was assigned only after 74 years, in 1867. Now it is the administrative center of a large homonymous region with a well-developed economy. The administration also puts a lot of effort into the development of areas such as education and culture. The population, whose population in 2016 exceeds 850 thousand people, loves their city very much.
Krasnodar: start from the very beginning
In 1792, Empress Catherine II issued a letter to the Black Sea Cossack army. It said that all living and serving on this land for permanent use are transferred land limited by the Kuban River and the Sea of โโAzov. First, the Cossacks built a military camp, which was constantly strengthened and turned into a real fortress. And a year later she was named Ekaterinodar, of course, in honor of the great empress.
In 1860, this settlement became the center of the Kuban region. The history of Krasnodar changes with the advent of the railway. From an ordinary military camp, it grows into a city, which becomes a large commercial and industrial center of the North Caucasus region. At first, the railway worked in the following direction: Tikhoretsk - Ekaterinodar - Novorossiysk, later the list of cities expanded significantly.
War years
During the Civil War, the city became the main refuge of the White Army. But on December 7, 1920, the history of Krasnodar changed dramatically. It was on this day that the power finally passed into the hands of the revolutionaries. For the name of the city, 1920 was significant, since it was given a name that has come down to our time.
During the Patriotic War, Krasnodar was occupied by Nazi invaders. In 1942, more than 13 thousand Soviet citizens died. In 1943 the city was liberated from the invaders. In 1975, in memory of the victims who died at the hands of the Nazis, the memorial complex โTo the Victims of Terrorโ was opened. Nowadays Krasnodar is the largest historical center in the south of Russia.
The history of the streets of Krasnodar
Some street names are more than a century old. Although, it is worth noting that they were not originally named. Let's get acquainted with the most famous of them.
Krasnaya Street is located in the very center of the city. A large number of ancient architectural monuments are located here. Many people mistakenly think that the name of the street was given in honor of the Red Army. And everything is much more lyrical. The word "red" in Old Russian language meant "beautiful." For a long time on this street there were only dilapidated buildings. Over time, she began to rebuild and change externally, which corresponded to the name. The history of Krasnodar remembers several of its renaming: first to Nikolaevsky Prospekt, then it bore the name of the leader - Stalin. However, in 1957 she was returned to her old name - Red.
Rashpilevskaya street is named after the chief of the military headquarters of Lieutenant General G. A. Rashpil. He went down in history as a fair commander. The rasp, noting that the foreman was taking the best land for himself, insisted on the section on the rules.
But many streets have not returned the original name. St. October was once called the Commonwealth. The artist Pospolitaki lived on the street. Red and in 1898 he taught painting and drawing, which served as the beginning of art education in Yekaterinodar. St. Sedina was previously named in honor of the chieftain of the Black Sea Cossack army, E. E. Kotlyarovsky.
Monuments of the history of Krasnodar
Unlike street names, restoring ancient monuments is much more difficult. In Krasnodar, every event that influenced the life of the city and the country has memorials.
- The monument to Catherine II was unveiled in 1907. But in 1920, with the advent of the Bolsheviks, it was dismantled. In 2006, the monument was restored, and then installed in the Catherine Square, the history of which began in the 90s of the XIX century.
- In 1997, a monument was erected in memory of the victims of the Civil War of 1918. The main difference between this monument and all Russian monuments is that it is dedicated to all participants and is called "Reconciliation and Consent."
- In 1985, a memorial complex was opened, where the remains of those killed during the Patriotic War, who were buried in Krasnodar, were collected.
Also in the city there are many monuments dedicated to the heroes of works of art and films. Constantly these places are visited by local residents and visitors who are interested in the history of Krasnodar.