The existence of various management models is due to objective differences in national culture, the development of the economy, politics, and corporate culture of enterprises. Certain traditions and habits leave their mark on the sphere of business relations. However, there are historically established models that define the basic decision-making strategy. These basic models include the American management model.
The characteristic of the American management model is primarily to identify the basic prerequisites for the formation of a unique management model.
The presence of the market as the main mechanism of economic relations between its subjects forces managers to act in conditions of high competition.
The second feature was that the formation of the management model in the United States was based on an industrial society, the driving force of which was industry. On the basis of this core business, a corporation has become.
In general, the American management model is built on the foundations of a classical school.
At the present stage, the American management model is built on the belief that the success of the company is based on factors that lie within its borders. Therefore, the company becomes a closed system. This initial belief predetermines the features of the American management model.
This approach defines goals and objectives as stable elements that persist for a long time. The main strategy of firms is the continuous growth and specialization of production, so the mechanism of explicit and constant control is characteristic of the American management model.
She is also characterized by a high degree of individualism. Personal freedom determines individual decision-making: a decision made by a manager is in no way subject to discussion and is binding. As a result of this comes not collective, but individual responsibility for the results of the work performed. Nevertheless, the principle of production democracy, i.e. complicity of employees in decision-making, if it affects their personal interests. They are given the right to independently collect all the necessary information, choose the desired method or method, in order to fulfill the main tasks and plans. Sometimes workers create working groups and other associations to solve a variety of tasks.
However, despite individualism as the main feature of the model, the attitude towards the employee is differentiated: he is perceived purely as an employee, and not an individual.
Another important characteristic is that employees do not have loyalty to their company, which contributes to a sufficiently high rate of staff turnover. Some of them manage to change up to ten companies during their work. Therefore, hiring is done for a relatively short time and everyone knows about it, getting a job.
The American management model is an ideal model for careerists. It provides rapid development and promotion of the employee within the company. At the same time, an employee can develop in a specialized way, i.e. build a horizontal career. To do this, a variety of continuing education courses are held at universities and colleges.
Thus, the features of the historical development of the United States, the development of its economy and politics, business relationships with the help of the American management model provided the individual with career growth and professional development.