Employees of Russian Railways, both locomotive and train crews, according to the job description, wear certain uniforms. We will talk about what it is, the form of railway workers in Russia in this article - we will give a brief description of it, varieties, insignia, history of occurrence and modification.
About the modern form
The uniform of a railway worker indicates his involvement in the corporation of Russian Railways. Its wearing is mandatory for all structural units. The fact that they belong to any regional branch of the company is indicated by a special sign on the sleeve of a tunic or shirt - the abbreviation for the railway department. Pensioners-railway workers have the right to wear their uniforms with the insignia that they received at the time of going on a well-deserved rest.
Representatives of the Russian Railways note the following about their new form of railwayman:
- Compliance with the universal new brand of the corporation.
- Avoiding a certain militarization.
- Consideration of historical traditions, attention to their continuity.
- Comfort, convenience, functionality and safety of both daily and ceremonial uniforms of railway workers.
- Aesthetic appearance, originality, appeal to modern fashion trends in the field of work clothes.
For each employee, a pre-fabricated set of models of wardrobe items and accessories is provided, which together make up the corporate form. At the same time, it is not allowed to add anything from itself - jewelry, a hat, a sweater, a shirt, etc. The service life of the form is as follows:
- Costume - two years.
- Top winter and demi-season clothes (raincoats, jackets, coats) - 4 years. For workers in branded trains - 3 years.
On all forms of railway workers the insignia is obligatory flaunted - an oval contour gray shield with a red edging and red stylized embroidered letters "Russian Railways". It must fit on the left sleeve - shirts, suit, outerwear.
There are four main types of forms:
- conductors;
- conductor;
- locomotive team worker;
- cashier.
Railways uniform requirements
The form of a railway worker, the photo of which you can consider in the article, must meet the following requirements:
- aesthetic appearance;
- profitability;
- wear resistance;
- practicality;
- security;
- minimum departure from tradition;
- conformity to modern fashion.
In addition, it should be done in harmony with the company's main corporate colors - gray, silver, red and dark blue. Much attention is paid to the selection of a suitable fabric. It should be breathable (gyroscopic), dirt-repellent, exemplary to keep its shape and not be subject to creasing.
An important condition is the comparative cheapness of the material - after all, the Russian Railways team totals several million. Therefore, when cutting, a minimum of costs should come out. What is important - the form is constructed according to Russian patterns.
Worker classes and workwear
The uniform of Russian railway workers, the photo of which you will see in the material, is the overalls of the five main classes of workers in Russian Railways:
- Top and middle managers.
- The leaders of the junior level and rank and file.
- Branded train workers.
- Working locomotive brigades.
- Station workers.
Workers in the first three classes have not only casual and formal attire, but also uniform outerwear. Engineers provide vests and light jackets. For cash register employees, outerwear is not provided. Consider the components of the forms of the most popular classes.
Female conductor kit
This female form of a railway worker consists of the following elements:
- Silk neck scarf with symbolic designations of Russian Railways.
- Company cap with company logo.
- Winter hat of a tanned sheepskin decorated with a cockade.
- Red woolen winter scarf.
- Skirts: red (front) and gray (everyday).
- Blouses with different sleeve lengths: white, blue and red.
- Gray knitted vest.
- Gray pants.
- Gray zipped jacket trimmed with red trim.
- Work apron.
- Warm winter dark coat.
Male kit
The new form of the railroad consists of the following components:
- Signature tie and clip to it.
- Cap.
- Sheepskin hat for the winter.
- Work apron.
- Shirts with different lengths of sleeves - white and blue.
- Gray knitted vest.
- Gray pants.
- Two varieties of jackets - gray without a lining, decorated with a red edging, and with a lining of fabric-raincoat fabric.
- Winter insulated raincoat with liner.
Worker uniform of locomotive crew
According to the creators, this form of railroad is made using the latest nanotechnology - the fabric used is durable, wear-resistant, difficult to contaminate. The kit itself also consists of several components:
- Signature tie of the driver.
- A cap decorated with a gray ribbon on the band and a red trim on the top.
- Uniform jacket in graphite color with a zipper.
- Insulated dark jacket with liner.
- Gray knitted vest.
- Work pants.
- Shirt.
Station Worker uniform
The uniform of the railway cashiers, as well as other station employees, is as follows:
- Signature silk scarf with the symbols of the Russian Railways.
- Blouses with different sleeve lengths and variation of shades.
- Gray straight skirt.
- A similar style of pants.
- Wool red vest (costume fabric).
- Wool gray jacket.
Particulars and features
The uniform for employees of branded train trains was developed separately - the artist-designer Alena Petrova and BTK-group company were noted in the project. So, for the employees of Sapsan, Swallows and other registered trains, special forms of a railway worker were developed, a photo of one of which is presented below. In addition to a suit, outerwear, she also has excellent ties, neckerchiefs, women's, men's scarves and so on.
It is noteworthy that the uniform is made for Vladimir Yakunin , head of Russian Railways. The fabric for him was specially brought from the UK, and the work was completely manual. Epaulettes, cuffs and a collar were embroidered with special threads containing silver.
Another feature that unites all the uniforms of Russian Railways employees is the same buttons specially developed by the President’s Heraldic Council. They are a round silver product with sides and the emblem of the main Russian railway corporation.
About creating a new form
Modernization of the form began in 2003 - then the railway corporation announced the launch of a competition open to all fashion designers. The conditions were data from a survey of railway workers themselves - which they thought was uncomfortable and ugly in the old form, should have become a taboo for the new one.
Three years later, a demonstration of samples of both the form of the railroad worker and related accessories and insignia took place. Very prominent fashion designers presented their work:
- Petersburg salon Elena Badmaeva.
- Moscow FPK "Expocenter".
- Chuvash Fashion House I. Dadiani.
- Moscow studio of Denis Samachev and many others. other
However, the jury determined the winner of the designer from Moscow Victoria Andreyanova. It was her work that seemed both original and modern, as well as related to the historical past of the railways. In 2008, the first comprehensive display of clothing for conductors, cashiers and drivers was held. The following year, the first test batch of clothes was introduced on the October Railway. And already in 2010, the form finalized taking into account all the wishes and suggestions of the employees began to be massively introduced in stages in all branches of Russian Railways.
Railway student uniform
Unlike regular workers, the uniform of students of railway educational institutions is not uniform. However, students of each of them are required to wear certain clothes for classes - in many ways it resembles the uniform of railway workers:
- Black or dark blue strict straight skirts and trousers.
- A classic railway shirt with epaulettes, and sometimes with a certain insignia - blue or white.
- Tie with a holder in the form of a symbol of rail traffic.
- Sometimes - a knitted vest with a signature edging.
- Cap or cap with the brand name Russian Railways.
The practice of the so-called student groups is also common - a set of students in non-core colleges and universities for part-time work as guides in the summer. The guys wear a uniform similar to railway students. Often they are distinguished by a uniform jacket-virgin with a number of stripes - the name and emblem of the detachment itself, the educational institution, the nature of the young worker, the position in the student association. The name comes from the word "virgin land" - in the Soviet period it is the name of the modern summer vacation, and then - the summer labor term.
The form of railway workers in Tsarist Russia
The history of the form of the railroad begins in 1809. And it is connected with the Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers. This institution was paramilitary, which affected the form of its cadets and graduates. Their titles were distinguished by silver epaulettes with gilded stars. Until 1867, graduates wore military uniforms. From 1830 to 1932, railroad workers were also distinguished by buttons with a crosswise crossed anchor and ax.
Little is known about the uniforms of the first employees. For example, for employees of the Tsarskoye Selo Railway, they were discharged from abroad. Stokers, machinists and their assistants, conductors and chief conductors wore a military uniform and helmet. The last two categories also had the right to wear a fascin knife. Since 1855, the length of service began to be celebrated with special silver galloons: 5 years - on the cuff of the sleeves, 10 years - on the collar and the cap.
The first single form was introduced in 1878. Its differences depended on the category:
- railway engineer;
- central office official;
- regional institution official;
- ordinary employee.
The differences are the color of the editions, formerly red, blue, yellow and green.
In 1904, engineers and officials had 7 varieties of uniforms:
- everyday;
- road;
- ordinary;
- summer;
- front door;
- special;
- festive.
Soviet history of railway form
Consider the milestones in the history of the Soviet form of railway in Rostov, Moscow, Chelyabinsk and other cities:
- 1926 - the introduction of the first Soviet uniform for a railway employee.
- 1932 - the emergence of new features: blue cloth and red insignia on the buttonholes - stars, hexagons, corners.
- 1943 - the appearance of personal ranks and insignia on uniform. Belonging to one or another sphere of the railway economy was determined by a special emblem: a bridge - builders, a steam locomotive - locomotives, a wagon - a team of guides, a Soviet sickle and hammer against the background of a French hammer and key - administrative service.
- 1955 - the form took on a more civilian appearance, and insignia moved to the buttonholes.
- 1963 - the appearance of the USSR railways own sign - a wheel framed by wings.
- 1973, 1979 - changes of insignia.
In 1995, a new form of railway of the Russian Federation appeared:
- Signs of distinction: transverse half-strips with crossed rows of stars.
- Emblem: wheel in the shape of an ellipse with wings (for senior and middle commanding personnel it is embroidered in golden color, for junior level and ordinary employees - metal is golden colored).
- Cockade on hats: golden technical sign (hammer and adjustable wrench) in an ellipse framed by wings and laurel branches.
As we can judge from this brief historical excursion, description and photographs of the current form of railway workers, the modern work clothes of Russian Railways employees are really the most comfortable, aesthetically pleasing and harmonious in different combinations for all seasons.