For everyone who starts to study English, it is very important to study such a time as Present Simple. Its rules are very simple, but often they remain incomprehensible. And then the problems begin: something is not clear, something is forgotten, and something stubbornly does not want to fit into the language system built in the head. Let's try to fix this annoying misunderstanding.
Before speaking, actually, about time, it is necessary to introduce some concepts, without which we will not be able to realize and remember anything.
All sentences of any language are conditionally divided into three types: affirmative, interrogative and negative. Example: affirmative - "Mom fed her daughter porridge." Interrogative: "Where are my mittens?" Negative: "I will not go to school." This separation is very important for us - with its help we will derive the basic rules of Present Simple.
It is also worth mentioning such a form of verbs as auxiliary. They help the semantic to form an interrogative or affirmative sentence, but by themselves they mean nothing. The helpers in English are have, do, does, shall, did, will, etc.
With regard to their use, Present Simple rules are simple: at this time auxiliary verbs of the present indefinite time do or does are used. The first is when there are singular and plural pronouns 1 and 2, as well as 3 plural pronouns (I, we, you, they). The second - for the pronouns 3 singular persons (he, she, it).
So what is Present Simple in general? This time, which indicates the uncertainty in time or the repeatability of some action, any fact that is true in general or for the present. For example: “I love apples,” “Salt water in the sea,” etc.
How to make Present Simple? It will be convenient to present the rules in the form of a diagram for each type of proposal.
The affirmative is formed as follows: in the first place, the subject of the action is the subject (the subject most often are nouns and pronouns), the second is the main (semantic) verb (which has any meaning - to run, laugh, draw, cry, etc.) . If the subject can be replaced by a singular pronoun of 3 persons, then the ending –s or –es should be added to the verb. This detail is often forgotten, which causes many errors.
To form an interrogative sentence in Present Simple, the rule will look like this: in the first place - the interrogative word (if the question is not general).
Otherwise, in the first place should be an auxiliary verb of the present indefinite time - do or does. In second place is the subject, in third is the main (in other words, semantic) verb without adding the ending –s or –es.
A negative proposal should be formed according to the following scheme. It is required to put the subject in the first place, the auxiliary verb in the second, the not not part in the third, the semantic (or main) verb in the fourth, but without the –s or –es ending.
As you can see, in Present Simple, the rules are quite simple and straightforward. The main thing is to realize and assimilate them, and not just memorize them. Many students simply memorize schemes, not knowing how to apply them. There is absolutely no benefit from this. Do not make such mistakes! More attention, diligence and diligence - and you will succeed! Good luck to you!