As analysis of world agricultural markets and agribusiness in a number of countries shows, innovation in agriculture occupies a significant part of the agro-industrial budget. Particularly noticeable increase in such costs in 18 developed countries. However, in our country, paradoxically, funding is declining, and not in stages, but in noticeable leaps. In recalculation over the past decade, funding for programs aimed at developing new technologies and innovative projects in the agro-industrial complex has halved by 1 ha.
Therefore, it turns out that, having one of the largest agricultural lands in terms of area and quality on the planet, we do not increase production by introducing modern technologies, but on the contrary, destroy it and squeeze out everything that was laid down during the USSR from the agricultural sector. However, with this approach, the entire accumulated potential in the agricultural sector, which provided innovations in agriculture as far back as the USSR, will quickly decline, which will lead to a noticeable rise in the cost of agricultural products and a decrease in the volume of its production.
In addition, innovation in agriculture is meeting another obstacle in its path. This is not the perception by agricultural workers of all levels of new and innovative technologies. And this is not at all surprising, because over the past two decades, the outflow of human resources from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector has not only increased, but also acquired catastrophic indicators. As a result, most of the people who worked there in agriculture still worked there during the USSR, this is also an age component and causes them to completely or partially not perceive such trends in the development of the industry. And if you add just the deplorable state of education in the villages, even young agricultural workers will not be able to adequately and professionally accept all the innovations in agriculture. This, incidentally, is also confirmed by a number of experiments on the construction of agricultural enterprises using modern technologies with maximum automation of production processes. As experience has shown it is very difficult, it turned out to select volunteers for projects such as the "Village of the Future" and similar ones. Since if a person has enough knowledge and a good education, he simply does not want to return to the village, and most people have a significant lack of knowledge (not because of stupidity, but because of the disgusting education in the village), which does not allow them to immediately take advantage of such a project that requires additional training. And despite the fact that the audit in agriculture shows the profitability of such projects, they often turn into forgotten or dead-end experiments.
Therefore, saying "innovation in agriculture", one cannot imply only agribusiness and scientific research institutes that are engaged in development in this field. In order for all innovative projects to be realized, high-quality and modern financing is still needed, strengthening the education system in the countryside, raising its level, creating attractive social conditions for attracting the young generation to the agricultural sector. And only after completing such a set of measures can we talk about the introduction of some projects in agriculture.
The main areas in this area are biotechnology and technological progress (modernization). Biotechnologies in agriculture are aimed at increasing production in crop and livestock production by increasing soil fertility, increasing crop yields, improving crop quality, and preventing the degradation and destruction of natural ecological systems and the environment.
Technical progress or modernization of equipment and machinery is aimed at reducing energy consumption during the cultivation and processing of agricultural products. Modernization of production processes, both in the livestock sector and crop production through automation, and the robotization of most processes, which in turn will lead to a decrease in the human resources involved in production.
It is possible to describe innovations in agriculture for a very long time, their types and types, but all of them are impossible without the minimum conditions that we described above. Therefore, this issue relates not only to private capital, but mainly to the state itself, with its significant support for such processes, agriculture in our country can become one of the main sources of budget revenues.