Rhetoric as a science is a philological discipline that studies the art of speech and gives an idea of the appropriateness and appropriateness of the use of words. Rhetoric develops a sense of the word, develops taste, and through literature dictates a manner of thought to society.
Rhetoric as a science teaches
oratory and eloquence. An orator from Latin translates as “asking,” and oratory is a discipline that studies the transmission and perception of speech and gives an understanding of the correct construction of speech and text that can attract the audience and not let go of its attention. Thus, the features of the spoken language in public speaking bring together rhetoric and poetics, designed to convince the listener with the expressive means of speech and body movements. Teaching oratory develops logical, psychological, linguistic and other skills. They are aimed at developing rhetorical skills, that is, they instill the ability and willingness to communicate most effectively. Throughout history, rhetoric as a science has been reduced to differences in which speech is qualitative and which is not. In this regard, there are two areas that are considered the main.
The first - comes from the ancient Greek thinker and
philosopher Aristotle. He combined rhetoric and logic together and considered that speech good, which was convincing and effective. He reduced efficiency to the ability to gain the consent, sympathy and sympathy of the audience. Effective speech should make listeners act. Thus, Aristotle in rhetoric assigned the role of an object that is able to select possible methods of persuasion about a particular object.
The founder of the second direction in rhetoric was the famous ancient Athenian rhetorician Isocrates. Like his supporters, he believed that speech is considered good, which is decorated with lush phrases and built on speech aesthetics. Convincing speech was not the main component and was not the only evaluation criterion. The direction from Aristotle is called "logical", and from Isocrates called "literary".
In the modern world, rhetoric as a science gives us the tools to study oratory. And what is oratory today? This ability to convince during a public speech, a combination of artistry, rhetoric and psychology.
In everyday life, the ability to speak convincingly occurs often in the simplest situations. For example, it may be a situation when one person is in danger, and another, having noticed this before, warns with a cry and gestures. Another example is the trading process, where the seller offers his goods, convincing the buyer that the goods are good, and the buyer, believing, buys. To be eloquent in everyday conditions, special training is not required, since under the influence of emotions the words and the form of their presentation add up by themselves.
Sometimes there are situations when it is especially necessary to speak convincingly and harmoniously, and the ability to do this is not enough. Here rhetoric will help, from which you can draw on everything you need. The ability to manage emotions, choose the right words, persuade and hold the attention of students is taught in special schools or at trainings. Without the skills to logically and emotionally build your speech, it is impossible to be understood, and fear and shyness can become an obstacle to public speaking. A training program usually consists of staging breathing, voice, diction, the basics of acting, the laws of business ethics, and psychology. The acquired knowledge together gives the ability to speak beautifully and convincingly. And the word has always been the main tool in achieving the goal.