At the present stage, one can easily find a martial arts school in any city. They can train a variety of martial arts, there are plenty to choose from. And in this review, a fairly popular question will be considered. Sambo - what is it?
Defense without the use of weapons
This type of martial arts is a self-defense that does not imply the use of weapons. The beginning of the struggle comes from judo. The system over time has been quite extensively redesigned and enriched with new techniques and features characteristic of other types of martial arts. Accordingly, a new recognized sport has emerged. It is necessary to consider the characteristic aspects of martial arts in order to fully answer the question: “Sambo - what is it?”
What should be done first of all before training?
In order to start training, you need to consult with an experienced doctor. An unhealthy heart, diseased bronchi and joints - all this is a contraindication. For fans of smoking, the sambo wrestling will also be quite difficult. Due to peak loads at the time of entry into the reception or counterattack, there is an increase in the activity of the cardiovascular system. A healthy respiratory system is also needed. Another condition, without which classes are not possible, is the need for training under the guidance of an experienced trainer.
Wrestling carpet needed
Without the assembly of the wrestling mat, classes cannot be started. It must be assembled using sufficiently tightly packed mats with a suitable coating (tarpaulin, flannel or others). The carpet includes a working space and a security zone, which is made using floor mats. The entire structure needs to be nailed to the flooring using racks. They must be brought under the extreme mats.
If mats are not available, then in order to make a carpet, you should use chips and sawdust. The first layer includes chips (more than 20 cm). Sawdust (more than 15 cm) goes to the second layer. They need to be tamped. After that, the prepared surface is covered with a tarp. To fix the structure, it is worth using rails. They must be tightly adjusted to each other so that the contents do not spill out during training.
The need for additional equipment
Sambo equipment consists of a jacket. She should not have a gate. There should also be a cloth belt, sports briefs and special shoes made of soft leather. You will need to use sports equipment. We are talking about dumbbells, weights, barbells. It is necessary to use all those shells that will help develop strength. Both sambo gear and equipment play a very important role in the training program.
What does training include?
Warm up should start with a walk around the site. You can’t talk to each other. From the first minutes it is recommended to tune in to work, to fulfill the trainer's commands. After this, you should start running, gradually accelerating. Already at the first trainings it will be necessary to perform exercises, which are a kind of prototype of certain techniques. If the novice athlete does not maintain the pace, then he can get out of the circle, sit for a while. Only after complete restoration of breathing can the training process be continued again. After the warm-up, there are strength exercises and development of throwing techniques. It should be understood that a lot will depend on which sambo school was chosen.
The origin of martial arts
The struggle originated in the USSR. Martial arts over time gained such popularity that it began to be used in other states. According to official figures, sambo wrestling appeared in 1938. It was at this time that an order came out about the need to develop martial arts. Today, regular championships in this martial art are held, both among men and among women.
The first international competitions began to be held since 1972. This type of struggle is currently popular in about 70 countries.
Since 1981, wrestling has been called the Olympic sport. However, this kind of art was not included in the program of the Olympics. Guided by the data of the International Amateur Wrestling Federation, it can be noted that Sambo belongs to the four main international martial arts of a competitive nature. The rest include freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling, as well as judo.
Work on the formation of martial arts
Sports sambo got its basics even before the revolution. In 1914, the first lessons were received by overseers and city officers. The development of training programs was carried out by the wrestler Ivan Lebedev. In 1915, he published a book entitled Self-Defense and Arrest. Lebedev’s case was continued by Spiridonov, an employee of the NKVD. He was fluent in jujitsu, french and english boxing. He developed a self-defense system based on the techniques of their various martial arts.
In addition to Spiridonov, self-defense without weapons was developed by Oshchepkov. He studied in Japan at the Kodokan school, had 2 judo dan, which he personally received from the founder of this martial arts, Dzegoro Kano. It was in Japan that he met another type of martial art - Wushu. Returning to Russia, he began to develop a struggle that would be accessible to everyone. As a result, different types of sambo were actively formed in the country, perfectly complementing each other. In 1937, Oshchepkov died. His work was continued by the students.
Different directions of one fight
When the Great Patriotic War was over, free-style wrestling began to actively spread in the Soviet Union. What else should be noted, answering the question: "Sambo - what is it?" There are two areas of this struggle - sports and combat.
Guided by the history of the improvement of martial art, it should be noted that sambo is both a wrestling and an integrated system of self-defense. It includes a large number of different techniques. In addition to this, combat sambo is also based on percussion technique, which implies the use of weapons and special techniques. Contractions can take place on the carpet in the rack, or in the stalls. It should also be noted that the struggle was declassified only in 1991. But there are some tricks that no sambo school teaches. They are used only in special units.
Fighting Rules
Carrying out a sports fight, a sambo wrestler cannot throw his vis-a-vis on his head. It is forbidden to perform asphyxiation. Also, you can’t fall on the enemy with your whole body, kick him, arms or head. Among the prohibited methods, it is necessary to highlight the capture of fingers, face or hair, twisting of limbs. It is also forbidden to conduct painful jerks. If the rules are not respected, the athlete will be severely punished.
A clear victory will be counted in the event that the sambo wrestler puts the enemy on his whole back, while he remains on his feet. For this he will receive 5 points. Also, the technique will be highly appreciated, after which the enemy will be in the "bridge" position. Only one point will be given to an athlete if he lands his vis-a-vis on his stomach, chest or buttocks, while falling along with his opponent.
Points can be counted by the decision of the judge when taking into account a variety of subtleties. This is holding the vis-a-vis on the carpet for some time, touching the cover with a shoulder, lower leg or knee. If the fighter receives the first warning, then his opponent will be awarded 2 points. The second warning will mean that another 4 points have been received in the counter-box. 3 warning signals defeat.
Conclusion
Now you know the answer to the question: "Sambo - what is it?" This is not only a kind of martial art. This is a whole system that can allow a person with mediocre data to become a healthy person. Everything will depend on his desire. This type of struggle helps to reveal individuality, since there is no strict adherence to any technique, which is typical for most martial arts. This kind of self-defense includes the achievement of all kinds of struggle of the world.