A competent personnel policy is one of the main factors for the success of any activity, all the more it is important for the implementation of an innovative economic project. The general theory of management proceeds from the basic provisions that the organization of personnel policy is determined by factors:
- the external environment, which includes the legal framework, the quality of personnel and the specific situation on the labor market;
- the internal environment - the level of organization of management and marketing at the enterprise, its goals, the effectiveness of the organizational structure of the company and its management, leadership style and condition of working conditions.
Personnel policy of an organization is a system of goals, norms and rules that determine the main areas of personnel activity to achieve specific goals of enterprise development. That is why modern ideas about the economic efficiency of business activity consider personnel work to be the core of the entire management system. As a rule, it is implemented in such regulatory acts as:
- provision on personnel policy;
- collective agreement;
- inner order rules.
It should be emphasized that the organization of personnel policy at the enterprise that implements the innovative project has significant features. Here, innovation itself acts as a factor that largely determines the content and directions of the personnel policy.
The effectiveness of this factor is also determined by many external and internal conditions. Of the external, the greatest influence is exerted by:
a) market situation (demand, market conditions, competitors);
b) a system of state regulation (taxes, incentives, investments, credit policy, participation in financing risk segments of the innovation process);
c) the availability of the necessary infrastructure for the implementation of innovative activities (information and analytical centers, business incubators, extra-budgetary funds, venture capital organizations, insurance companies, retraining institutions, etc.)
Internal conditions are the level of the organization’s innovative potential, material and technical base, organizational structure, development strategy, effective organization of personnel policy.
An effective project management system is highlighted as an important factor ensuring the success of innovation. It should provide a high degree of coordination and control of work at all stages of the project, the validity of estimates of material costs and time costs, a systematic analysis and consideration of changes in the external and internal environment during their implementation. Given the insufficient investment, limited resource base, the management system should cover the whole range of work performed - from the idea of a new product or process through the design stage, experimental testing to the preparation of market tests and further improvement of the product or process.
Management activities should be focused on solving the following tasks:
a) the structuring and determination of the relationships between the stages of the work performed;
b) the interaction of project participants (author, partners, investor, manager);
c) preparation and control of the work schedule and cost estimates for the implementation of the project ;
d) ensuring the quality of all project work;
e) quick adaptation to changing conditions and requirements;
f) risk analysis and development of measures to reduce them;
g) commercialization of a product or process (analysis of the future market, expansion of sales, technology transfer , etc.).
h) the organization of personnel policy, taking into account precisely the innovative areas of development of the enterprise.
Orientation to meeting market needs means that when developing a management strategy it is necessary to proceed from the results of patent and marketing research. An analysis of foreign experience shows that in most high-tech industries in the United States, from 60 to 80% of innovations are carried out in response to market needs.
Innovative ideas, as you know, arise either at the initiative of the developers themselves, or in response to market demand. In the first case, the information base for development is patent research, which allows to determine the achieved world technical level, in the second - marketing research, which gives information about the motivation and preferences of consumers.
In a word, management, as the scientific basis for organizing work with personnel, becomes a factor in the successful implementation of an innovative project.