Many people in our country know this name - Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov. Representatives of the older generation will even be able to read by heart lines from the poems of a wonderful poet.
Surkov's Peru belongs to many works, but the most famous were his poems written during the Great Patriotic War.
Milestones Biography
The future poet was born in a peasant family in the Yaroslavl province at the very end of the 19th century. Due to poverty, like many of his comrades, at the age of 12 he was forced to go to work "in people" in the capital of then tsarist Russia - the city of St. Petersburg.
The revolution and the civil war caught him as a young man, dreaming of transforming the country and the opportunity to get a good education in order to publish his poems.
Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich, whose biography is full of various events, it was at this time that he made the first serious decision: he went to the front and fought on the side of the Red Army.
After the victory of the Bolsheviks, he returned to his native village, where he was actively working. Becomes a Komsomol member, and in 1925 joins the party.
In those same years, the poet edited one of the first newspapers in Yaroslavl, which was called "Northern Komsomolets."
In 1928, another important event took place in the life of the young poet: he moved to permanent residence in Moscow - the capital of Soviet Russia.
The first literary successes
Surkov Aleksei Aleksandrovich enters the Institute of the Red Professors in Moscow and graduates in 1934. He chooses the literary faculty, since from his youth he dreams of literary fame. Defends a dissertation. Becomes a teacher at the Literary Institute.
The glory of the poet is not long in coming. Back in 1930, Surkov released his first collection of poems, which was called "Refrain."
In this and his subsequent collections he glorifies courageous fighters for a brighter future, writes about military feat and valor.
In those years, the most popular of his works were the poems "Konarmeyskaya song", "The Last War", "So we grew." The poet is appointed editor of the young journal Literary Study, conducts active social activities, and takes part in the Soviet-Finnish War.
At the same time, Surkov creates a family. He marries a young and beautiful woman - writer Sofia Antonovna Krevs. In marriage, a daughter and a son were born.
The Great Patriotic War
The war found the poet at the front. As a front-line correspondent, Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich visited most of the battles of the Great Patriotic War.
He wrote not only newspaper notes, but also poems that helped Soviet soldiers survive hard days.
The poet himself, having gone through the Civil War, was not afraid of death, boldly looking into her face. Preserved memories of his friends, which testify to the extraordinary courage of Surkov.
During the war years, the poet published many wonderful poems. And these were his most famous works: “Song of the Defenders of Moscow”, “Not a Step Back”, “Song of the Bold”, “Poems about Hate”.
However, Aleksei Aleksandrovich Surkov, whose poems breathe hatred of enemies and faith in the victory of the Soviet people, remained in the memory of most people as the author of only one beautiful poem, which later became a folk song.
We will briefly talk about the history of this poem.
The masterpiece of the poet
Now we all know this work as a poem "In the dugout." “The fire is beating in a cramped stove ...” - who does not know these famous dates?
The poem was written by the author on the terrible days and nights of the defense of Moscow, when enemies could see the towers and domes of the Kremlin from their binoculars. There were a huge number of wounded and dead, death was waiting for fighters everywhere (therefore, there is a phrase in the poem that there are only 4 steps to death).
However, this poem is not about death, but about life. It is permeated with love for a woman and the hope of meeting her. Two images intertwine in this poem: the earthly woman-mother, who, shaking her cradle with her baby, thinks of her husband, who is at the front, and the Motherland, which mourns for all her dead children.
This poem is a poet and sent to his wife, who is evacuating with her daughter, in a simple soldier's envelope-triangle.
When the work was published, it became as popular as the lines of the same age and Surkov’s friend, the poet K. Simonov, who wrote the famous lines “Wait for me ...” from the front to his wife Valentina Serova.
By the way, it was Surkov who Simonov devoted his famous poem to "Do you remember, Alyosha ...."
After the war
Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich graduated from the war in 1945 with the rank of lieutenant colonel. He wrote a lot, published a collection of poems about victory.
After the war, the poet continued his literary career as editor of the magazine "Spark" and many other publications. He taught at the Literary Institute, published poetry of Russian and Soviet poets.
Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich, whose work includes about 20 poetry collections, a huge number of literary and critical articles, has reached real fame. He was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor, he was the Laureate of two Stalin Prizes. Surkov achieved great heights in the leadership of the CPSU. He conducted active political work.
Colleagues in the literary workshop evaluated his creative heritage and social activities in different ways. Among them were those who called Surkov a party functionary, but there were people who understood the delicate lyricism of his poems, guessing that he was primarily a writer.
The poet died, reaching the 83rd anniversary. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.
The value of creativity
Many years have passed since Surkov’s death. The socio-political system has changed, and the country itself has changed. Much has been forgotten, many events have received their rethinking.
But the name of Surkov is known today to many Russians because once this man wrote wonderful poetic lines about courage and love that the whole country knows: “The fire is beating in a cramped little stove ...”. And I want to always sing this song and admire its beauty and sincerity.