The appearance, as well as the development of forge and press production in Russia, as well as in other countries at different times, has always been associated with growing economic needs. The development of technology, as well as the changing needs of mankind, has led to several powerful shocks that have ensured the development of the industry.
Blacksmithing
Press-forging production appeared not so long ago. The history of this branch of human activity began with the usual forge, when a hearth, hammer and mites were used. The first breakthrough towards mechanization was made in the XV-XVI centuries. Lever type hammers, as well as hydroelectric hammers, began to appear in production.
As for the history of the appearance of lever hammers, it is inextricably linked with an increase in the tonnage of ships, which required a particularly powerful and heavy anchor. Manually making it became impossible. The forge-and-press production was replenished with a lever hammer, which worked from the energy of the pressure of water, which brought it into motion. However, water was not everywhere, and therefore it was not always possible to use such devices. If it was unavailable, then horses and falling types of hammers were used.
Late development
The next powerful push of the forging industry was in the 19th century. The strong development of car building, weapons, steam locomotive building, as well as noticeable progress in the field of shipbuilding, led to the emergence of machine stamping. Because of this, the first noticeable changes appeared in blacksmithing. And also for the first time a steam hammer for forging began to be used.
Powerful development of this industry occurred when electric motors were invented and put into operation. Blacksmithing began to be used for the manufacture of equipment and tools of a very wide profile. At the same time, hydraulic presses in the forge shops began to be used , which is why the forge-and-press production became.
On the territory of Russia after the crisis in 1988, this type of activity began to develop at a special pace.
Features
This industry is actively used for the manufacture of a variety of tools and equipment. For example, guillotine shears are made in such workshops , as well as knives for them. A number of other tools are also available. For this, the process of processing metal billets by pressure is used.
Forging and pressing equipment production in Russia is quite developed. The thing is that with the help of these technologies and devices it is possible to significantly improve the density of metal billets, for example, due to the fact that almost all voids disappear.
Equipment
One of the fairly large facilities in Russia is the Chelyabinsk Forge and Press Plant. He is engaged in the production of a vast number of products. To successfully perform their functions, it is necessary to use the whole range of units: they are universal, specialized and special.
Universal machines are capable of producing a wide range of products. Specialized devices are adapted only for one operation, for example, for hoods. As for special machines, they are of even narrower purpose. Besides the fact that they do only one technological operation, they are able to produce only one type of product.
Conclusion
So, forge-and-press production makes it possible to meet the needs of both our own production and to fulfill individual orders. For example, the manufacture of metal products by special methods.
The main industries related to this type of activity are the chemical, mining and automotive industries.