Communion as part of speech is a form of a verb that does not conjugate and defines an object in the same way as an adjective. The designated sign proceeds in time as an action, or produced by the object itself, or performed on it from the side (the invoker - the invoked).
Communion as part of speech combines the properties of both the adjective and the verb. Signs of the latter are as follows:
1. The presence of the category of time (past and present).
2. The presence of forms of irrevocability and repayment.
3. The presence of a category of species (perfect, imperfect).
4. Transition and intransition.
5. The presence of a category of collateral. Its forms (real, passive) are expressed through suffixes.
6. Compatibility with adverb.
The properties of the verb contain both the participle and the participle, but the latter does not possess the qualities of an adjective. This is their main difference. The verb form, like in Russian, is the participle in English. And there it also fulfills the syntactic function of determination, less often - circumstances.
The sacrament as part of a spoken word has no category of face and mood.
The adjective participle combines the following features:
1. The presence of the category of case.
2. The presence of a category of the genus.
3. The presence of a category number.
4. Coordination with the defined word for all the above categories.
5. The endings for participles in declension are the same as for adjectives.
6. The performance in the sentence of the same syntactic functions with the adjective (acts as a predicate or definition).
Communion as part of speech is divided into several varieties. This classification is determined by its inherent grammatical meanings of the verb. These are participles reflexive and valid; past and present participles; participles used in the form of two kinds: perfect or imperfect. In other words, these are categories of type, time and collateral.
Pledge Forms
Actual participle designates the sign of an object that either experiences a certain state or produces a specific action. For example: a arrived train, a resting athlete.
Passionate participles give a sign of the subject on which an action has already been taken or is being performed. For example: a studied subject, a built house.
Many linguists do not consider reciprocal participles, but include them in the category of real ones. Although in reality they have another collateral meaning, which corresponds to the meaning of reflexive verbs.
Time forms
The category of time divides this part of speech into the past and present participles. They do not have a future tense form. The syntactic role of the participles affects the meaning of time in this part of speech. It is also defined by the full and short forms. They directly affect the syntactic functions performed by the participles. So, in the role of a definition, sometimes a predicate, are complete participles, that is, those that may be inclined. And in the role of only the predicate - exclusively unshakable short forms.
The time of full participles, which play the role of definition, can be relative. It is determined by the tense of the verb-predicate.
In the present tense, participles express the simultaneity of actions, which are indicated by them and verbs.
The formation of this part of speech depends on the categories of form and transitiveness of verbs. So, for example, the present tense of real participles is formed from those verbs of the present tense that are in the 3rd person plural. This happens with the help of such suffixes as –usch – or –yushch and –ash- or –yashch. For example: hurrying, ringing, singing, watching.
The real participles in the past tense form are formed from verbs in the same form by adding the suffixes –sh- and –vsh-. For example: lucky, wrote, carried.