Surkhandarya region is located in the most extreme southern part of Uzbekistan. The area is represented by a basin surrounded by spurs of the Tien Shan system of mountains (ridges - Babatag, Surkhantau, Gissarsky).
The river valley is an outpost of Uzbekistan: it borders with Tajikistan in the northeast, with Afghanistan in the south, with Turkmenistan in the southwest. In the west, it has a common border with the Kashkadarya region of Uzbekistan.
The following article provides more detailed information about the Surkhandarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Features
The northern foothill part of the region has a mild climate. Therefore, sugarcane and subtropical fruits are grown here. The valley of the central part is occupied by crops of fine-fiber cotton, corn, sorghum and mung (the oldest bean crop). Rice is grown in the floodplain of the Surkhandarya River. The hillsides are pastures for the famous Karakul sheep.
Surkhandarya in the southern part has the hottest climate in Uzbekistan. Summer temperatures reach + 50º C, which is a common occurrence. Kishlaks and villages of this area are deprived of vineyards and orchards characteristic of Uzbekistan. The reason for this is the hot wind from Afghanistan, which is called the "Afghan". From it, literally in a few hours, the foliage of plants can wither and fall. The south of the valley is also known for its gas and oil deposits.
In addition, the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan is also interesting in historical terms. This area is an archaeological paradise, since there are ruins of Buddhist and Bactrian palaces, stone age caves, mausoleums and mosques of the early Islamic period. Traces of past civilizations are visible everywhere.
Area Characteristics
The region was formed in March 1941. The area is 20,100 square kilometers. The region includes 13 districts and 8 cities. The administrative center is the city of Termez. The population is more than 2.1 million people.
The climatic conditions of the region are subcontinental, with hot long summers and warm winters. High temperatures in summer and frost-free winters contribute to ripening in the region of subtropical thermophilic crops, of course, subject to periodic irrigation.
Termez
The city, which is the administrative center of the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan, is located in the southernmost outskirts of the country - on the right coast of the Amu Darya, along which the state border runs. Termez has the largest republican river port. 40 kilometers from it stretches "Hairaton" ("Friendship" - the former name) - a railway bridge connecting both banks of the river. It was built in 1981 by Soviet builders. The bridge is 816 meters long. In 1996, traffic on it for the security of the state was unilaterally closed by Uzbekistan.
To the west of Termez (20 km) are the ancient settlements of Termez (10 ha), which were formed on the banks of the Amu Darya River, at an ancient crossing.
Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan
The region includes the following areas:
- Altynsaysky - the center in the village of Karluk;
- Angora - the center in the village. Angor
- Muzrabad - the village of Halkabad;
- Baysunsky - the city of Baysun;
- Uzunsky - Uzun village;
- Denausky - the city of Denau;
- Sherabad - the city of Sherabad;
- Sariasian - pos. Sariasia
- Dzharkurgan - the city of Dzharkugan;
- Kizirsky - the village of Sarik;
- Kumkurgan - the city of Kumkurgan;
- Termez - Uchkizil village;
- Sherabad - the city of Sherabad;
- Shurchinsky - the city of Shurchi.
Of particular note is the Sariasi region of the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan, located in the north-eastern part of the republic. Geographically, within its borders is the Gissar Range, where the highest point is located - the peak of the Hazret-Sultan at an altitude of 4643 meters above sea level. The region is also distinguished by its subtropical intracontinental climatic conditions: dry and hot summers, cold winters are here.
Natural resources of the region
Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan is rich in mineral deposits. Over 300 deposits and more than 40 exits and mineral manifestations have been discovered here. The subsoil has reserves of oil, coal, gas, gypsum, salt, non-ferrous ores, phosphorites, precious metals, etc.
The region has forecast resources of potassium salts, fluorspar, phosphorites, bentonite clays, glauconite, and many others. other
sights
Most of the ancient monuments are located in the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan. The most significant are Khalchayan, Ayritam, Dalvarzintepa, Bandykhan, Kyzyltepa, Kampyrtepa, etc.
In these places, the first human sites appeared. They were located among the mountain forests and in the river valleys of the Baysun Range. In a word, they were created where there were abundant harvests of fruits of wild plants and various species of wild animals inhabited.