The words without which it is difficult to imagine a competent, logically correctly structured speech include pronouns.
What is a pronoun?
The peculiarity of pronouns is that they are used in sentences to replace the independent (nominal) parts of speech: nouns, adjectives, numerals, and sometimes adverbs. According to the grammatical meaning, morphological and syntactic features, all pronouns are divided into several categories. A definitive pronoun helps to clarify the subject or attribute referred to in a sentence or context. An example of its use: " Each of the cups had its own characteristics and stood in its place." Or "Vladimir decided that he would do everything himself ."
Which pronouns are definitive?
The list of definitive pronouns is not large: this is the use in different forms of well-known words each, every, the most, himself, another, different, all, any . To this category are also rarely used all kinds and outdated ones. They will help to concretize the meaning, which means each named definitive pronoun, examples.
- “ Any ( every, every ) apple was perfect” - with the help of these pronouns (they are interchangeable) one object is distinguished from a number of similar ones.
- “ All the guests seemed very surprised” - the proposal refers to the totality of persons regarded as something indivisible.
- “Arkady appeared in the station himself ” - this pronoun indicates the person who performs the action.
- “Take another ( different ) book” - that is, different from this one.
Although sometimes the listed pronouns may have other meanings. For instance:
- Take any (i.e., any) magazine on the road - it will help pass the time.
- Every person (generalizing connotation) needs family and care.
- It turned out to be (amplifying value) Bekhterev himself .
In addition, sentences with definitive pronouns can include the words most or all , often used to form the superlative adjective and adverb:
- “Her dress was the most elegant.”
- "In the new suit, he looked more solid than all the people gathered."
It must be remembered that the words themselves are different, although their forms coincide with a change in cases: the same magazine - of that very magazine, saw it itself - saw itself . And in the first case, the first syllable will be stressed, and in the second - the last.
Pronouns or adverbs?
In linguistics, the question of such words as always , everywhere , everywhere, and underneath remains open. Some linguists attribute them to adverbs, others distinguish them into a group of definitive pronouns. Example: “ There were traces of recent robbery everywhere.”
Therefore, it must be borne in mind that in the textbooks of the Russian language of different authors, the approach to dividing pronouns into categories can vary. This must be taken into account when performing tasks related to determining a part of speech in a sentence or context.
Grammatical signs of pronouns
They are determined by what independent part of speech is replaced in each case by the pronoun.
The general grammatical meaning, as already noted above, is to identify one object or attribute among others.
The presence of forms of number ( sama-sama ) and gender ( all-all, each-each ), a change in cases ( any, every, about every ) - such morphological characters usually have definitive pronouns.
Grade 6 — it was during this period that students learn the pronoun as part of speech — and introduces their syntactic function. Since definitive pronouns are most often associated with adjectives, in the sentence they are usually definitions, and agreed upon:
- " Every minute a new person is born in the world."
Less often, we are talking about cases when the pronoun acts as a noun or personal pronoun - subject or addition:
- “ Another would have understood everything in his place a long time ago” - subject and addition.
Proverbs and phraseological units with definitive pronouns
The ability of these pronouns to generalize has become the reason that they can often be found in a proverb and proverb. For example, " Every sandpiper praises its swamp." Or " Each has its own sweet side."
Definitive pronouns are often included in stable combinations. Here are the most common expressions: at every step, in all sails, in all eyes, all creatures in pairs and others. Many of them have a very interesting story.
So, the expression “screaming all over Ivanovskaya” dates back to Tsarist times, when heralds went to Ivanovskaya Square, which was next to the bell tower of Ivan the Great, and loudly announced, that is, shouted, the decrees of the tsar. The meaning of the definitive pronoun (examples of the use of this phraseological unit confirm this): the voice was so loud that it was heard anywhere in the square. Hence, “screaming (yelling) at the whole of Ivanovo” is very loud, so that everyone hears.
Thus, definitive pronouns are a very interesting part of speech that allows you to express your thoughts briefly, without unnecessary words, and focus on the semantic component of the sentence or the whole text.