Measures for slaughtering livestock and further processing of the resulting meat are a complex and multi-stage process. Technologies include the use of specialized equipment, which includes units for cooling, storage and preservation of carcasses. Modern apparatuses and processing lines make it possible to organize virtually waste-free production with the utilization of by-products. Typically, equipment for slaughtering livestock is used to complete individual rooms. But recently, modular workshops have also gained popularity, in which technical equipment has already been provided with the necessary units for slaughter. Such objects are slaughter points, which are characterized by high functionality and the ability to minimize costs.
Stunning equipment
For stunning, special boxes are used. As a rule, they are designed to work with pigs. Stainless steel is used as a material for the construction. The standard dimensions of such boxes are as follows: 162 cm in length, 175 cm in height and 75 cm in width. Such equipment for slaughter pigs has a mass of not more than 200 kg, allowing stunning individuals weighing up to 140 kg. Boxing is performed as follows:
- Pigs are introduced for slaughter, after which the lid is closed.
- Using special forceps, stunning is performed.
- The lever box is unlocked.
- The carcass automatically gets from boxing to the slaughter.
The advantages of such models for stunning include low maintenance. Of course, after each event, thorough cleaning should be performed, but due to the simple design, these actions do not cause any particular problems. After the stunning operation, equipment for another type of slaughterhouse is activated. In particular, technical means for the primary processing of livestock may be used.
Primary processing workshops
Small meat processing enterprises usually cannot afford the supply of complete units designed for each processing cycle with high productivity. In such cases, the primary option is the primary processing complex. As a rule, machines are concentrated in such complexes by means of which a mini-slaughter is organized. Equipment of this type allows for a complete processing cycle. Again, the function of the machines is implemented with the expectation of minimizing costs using non-waste technologies. In other words, the company utilizes all secondary products. Low power and unsatisfactory functionality stop many from switching to such capacities. But this does not apply to modern lines. Firstly, the availability of automatic devices and machine tools accelerates the pace of processing. Secondly, the slaughterhouses are equipped with various types of equipment, which is worth considering separately.
Complete mini slaughterhouse
Several types of equipment are included in the equipment of processing complexes. In fact, each machine is a small line, strictly fulfilling its processing function. For example, equipment for the KRS slaughterhouse in the integrated processing system is represented by the following machines:
- A stunning compartment with a head trap and feeder.
- Skinning platform lifting type with a drum.
- Morning base with a receiver for guts.
- Quartering lift.
- Device for placing carcasses on overhead tracks.
- Track scales.
- Cooling tunnel.
- Weighted (usually supplied as an option).
- Band-saw.
Of course, the package bundle may include other units, but in this case a standard set of primary processing tools is considered. It is important to note the similarity of the line with industrial departments for slaughter. Even in the minimum configuration, the equipment for the KRS slaughterhouse allows not only basic operations, but also auxiliary procedures, for example, related to the same waste processing.
Characteristics of the KRS complex
The modular line can be designed to work with varying degrees of productivity, allowing cattle to be slaughtered at an average speed of up to 5 animals per hour. Such a complex "cattle" will have the following characteristics:
- Mass - 14 tons.
- Dimensions - 1220x244x554 cm.
- Requirements for the network - 380 V, subject to connection with a dry contact.
- Power consumption in the summer - 24 kW / h.
- Power consumption in the winter - 28 kW / h.
- Water pressure - minimum level 2 atm.
- The connecting size of the sewer drain is 11 cm.
Modular complexes are formed from the same components as traditional meat processing enterprises. Modern equipment for slaughtering and primary processing is closely connected with apparatuses and devices for skinning and interning. These are high-tech machines that are equipped with auto-correction sensors, reliable weights and other useful options.
Slaughterhouse technical support
As a rule, there are four departments in which stunning, slaughter and further processing of meat and waste are carried out. The main compartment includes the aforementioned box for stunning, directly equipment for the slaughterhouse, an electric silencing device, as well as a scalding vat. This is followed by the section where intestinal waste is processed. Its equipment includes units for the intestinal extraction and a technological table. Some enterprises also provide departments where feed is boiled. Special vats, carts, the same technological table and cooking kettles are installed here.
In almost every stage of processing, fat formation is possible. Various devices may be provided for its collection, but the most effective solution would be to organize a department for tracing fat with appropriate machines. It is worth noting that the equipment for the slaughterhouse, divided into several departments, lasts longer and requires less time for maintenance. But in practice, these advantages can be achieved only if rational zoning of the space in the enterprise is achieved.
Slaughter Equipment Owner Reviews
Usually reviews of cars of famous manufacturers are supportive. Equipment owners note high functionality, durability and performance. By the way, modern models are equipped with all kinds of electronic systems and automated devices. Such equipment for slaughtering livestock, undoubtedly, increases the speed of work and quality, however, in case of breakdown, a serious amount will have to be prepared for repair work. And yet, users of such lines speak about the convenience of operating specialized technological equipment. But it is expensive and requires a more careful approach to content.
Modular Workshop Reviews
Integrated lines have advantages in the form of compactness, optimization of processing processes and, in some cases, are economical during operation. Nevertheless, according to the owners of the modular workshops, the equipment for the slaughterhouse is closely connected with each other and when a single device breaks down, the whole cycle stops. However, such phenomena depend on the equipment and configuration of a particular mini-slaughterhouse. In addition, such risks are covered by the mobility of the blocks and the rational use of space. If we talk about the cost, then in some cases it exceeds the cost of equipping a conventional workshop.
How much does the equipment cost?
The price corridor is quite extensive, since the equipment itself is diverse. The lowest level is represented by individual devices and devices. This is the initial equipment for the slaughter of cattle, the prices of which can be 30-50 thousand rubles. If we talk about additional devices in the form of hooks and cleaners, then they are estimated at 5-10 thousand rubles.
Obviously, modular slaughter lines are priced in large amounts. In the middle range, we can talk about 2-3 million rubles. However, it all depends on the configuration, additional devices, functionality and performance of the mini-shop. For example, the most expensive is considered automatic equipment for the slaughterhouse - prices in this case increase to 3-3.5 million rubles. for one workshop.
Conclusion
According to meat producers, as well as entrepreneurs whose activities are related to this area, the technical organization of slaughter is not particularly difficult. The main thing is to determine the specific tasks of the enterprise, find a suitable room and calculate the communication support of the line. Difficulties may arise due to unprofitable business. It is important to consider not only the equipment for the slaughterhouse, but also the products that will be produced with its help. Not for nothing that many manufacturers note the importance of enterprise wastelessness. If you correctly calculate the capacity of the slaughterhouse, the range of possible operations and organize the conditions for the proper storage of raw materials, then the likelihood of success of such a business will increase significantly. But these issues should be considered before money is invested in equipment, whether it be individual machines or a fully equipped modular line.