The growth of cities leads to the fact that green spaces are replaced by concrete boxes. During the construction of megacities, parks and natural areas that are not built up with residential and industrial facilities are laid. This is done so that the city has clean air, and the townspeople have a place to relax.
Dendrological parks and botanical gardens
The list of specially protected areas includes reserves, dendrological parks and botanical gardens. Arboretum is a unique place on the territory of which a variety of plant species grow. Including rare, uncharacteristic for this region.
Arboretum is not only a resting place for citizens and the “green lungs” of the metropolis. It is also a springboard for scientific and research work. In Soviet times, this area was given special attention. Today, at the legislative level, protection of these facilities is carried out, but in fact dendrological parks and botanical gardens undergo illegal logging, unauthorized buildings and simply grow weak from lack of funding. The total area of protected areas in Russia exceeds 7.5 thousand ha.
Unique plant collections
Arboretum is a nursery that grows a variety of types of trees, shrubs, grasses and flowers. Scientists are exploring the survival of plants in a climate uncharacteristic of them, they are developing new varieties that can survive in Russian weather. The parks are open for visitors, who can simply stroll here, admiring the beauties of nature, taking a break from urban development.
Unique natural areas
Almost every region of Russia has its own arboretum (a photo of any of them will please the eye), and in some more than one. They are in Arkhangelsk and Kaliningrad, Murmansk and St. Petersburg, Moscow and Cheboksary, Sochi and Vladivostok and in other regions.
Arboretum in Novosibirsk
In 1997, an arboretum was created. Novosibirsk clearly benefited from this. Under it was allocated an area of 128 hectares. The complex itself includes the arboretum, as well as a nursery and a forest park in which plants indigenous to the area grow. The object was created on the basis of the botanical garden, which has been operating since 1953 and has a rich collection of plants. More than 160 species of flora were planted in the park, mostly brought from Europe, America, Oceania, Asia, Japan and the Far East.
Arboretum in Biryulyovo
The Biryulyovsky arboretum was laid in 1938. This is the largest park in the Southern District and the most diverse in terms of plant composition. This object is the embodiment of talent and hard work of human hands. He has no analogues. Thanks to this natural complex, Biryulyovo residents can breathe fresh air.
Unfortunately, little attention is paid to the park at present. Part of the territory is neglected, centuries-old trees are cut down barbarously, and new buildings regularly appear in the park.
Yekaterinburg Arboretums
The arboretum in Yekaterinburg actually consists of two parts: the arboretum park in the Kirov region and the arboretum in the Leninsky district.
The first arboretum (Yekaterinburg) was founded in 1932 as a landscaping station. On the territory of a pine forest, researchers planted various plants imported from different parts of the world. Over 300 different widows of flora, not characteristic of the Siberian region, were introduced. In the 60s, a rose garden was opened on the territory, in which over 100 species of roses were grown. The park is a favorite vacation spot of citizens, where you can relax in the shade of trees by the pond from the bustle of the city and enjoy the fresh air, birdsong and the rustle of leaves.
The second park was created after the war. In 1948, a garden of pioneers was set up in it for students to study biology. The young people held exhibitions of their botanical achievements here, demonstrating them at flower and flower shows. Two decades after the opening, the arboretum in Yekaterinburg could boast a collection of 80 species of trees and shrubs.
The park is divided into areas where various representatives of the plant kingdom grow. On the site of decorative flowers, you can admire the bright buds. A plot of ornamental shrubs and trees supplies the city with seedlings for landscaping. The geographical area is the place where excursions lead, because here you can see firsthand the representatives of the plant world from all over the world. There are other sites here that you can learn about by visiting the arboretum.
The role of arboretums
Arboretums and botanical gardens play a huge role. These are areas of nature in the jungle of a megalopolis. Thanks to the powerful green mass, the air in cities is saturated with oxygen. In the parks, city dwellers enjoy relaxing. In addition, scientific and research work is being carried out on their territory to take root of new plant species in an alien climate.
Arboretum is a unique corner of nature where plants from other continents grow. Visitors can get acquainted with the flora of other climatic zones without traveling outside the city.
Employees of the park also carry out educational work, telling schoolchildren and students on excursions about growing plants, their homeland and growing conditions.
Territories of arboretums are under state protection. But for a long time these protected places have been forgotten. This was enough to lose in many parks part of the rich plant stock left without proper care. It is encouraging that in some regions the authorities allocate funds to improve the territories, hold events and replenish collections of the plant fund.