The soil represents such a biological ecosystem, due to which the vital activity of living organisms is possible. Its most important characteristic is fertility.
Each farmer knows that the quality and properties of the future crop depend on the composition and characteristics of the soil.
Soil fertility
On cultivated, well-groomed land, crops grow healthy and strong and produce rich, high-quality crops. Fertility of the soil is its ability to provide the plant with the necessary nutrients, water and air. Cultivated land plots, which are at a high level in agricultural technology, are suitable for growing various plants.
Soil fertility depends on many reasons.
The natural structure of the soil, the climatic conditions of the area, the presence and level of groundwater, the degree of soil pollution are natural factors that form soil fertility.
Chernozem is the most fertile layer of soil that has been formed over several hundred years. Destroy the life-supporting layer of the earth in just a few years. In case of violation of normal farming conditions, chernozem undergoes leaching of humus, disturbance of soil structure, death of many microorganisms, deterioration of water and air flow. The soil loses its ability to supply the right amount of nutrients to the roots of the plants, the immunity of the plant world weakens - and productivity decreases.
How to improve soil fertility
There are areas with a dense structure, clay, poor, they have little nutrient needed for plants. To restore soil fertility, many agricultural techniques are used: cultivation using peat, lime, sawdust, wood ash. The science of soils, of their formation, composition, structure and properties helps to lead agriculture correctly. It is important to understand that soil formation has its own patterns of geographical distribution. There is a certain relationship between the soil and the environment, which determines the formation and development of fertility. Scientists are studying the ways of a rational approach to the use of soils in agriculture, to changing the soil cover in agro-cultural conditions.
The concepts of soil and fertility are inextricable
The result of the natural process of soil formation and soil cover, the impact of human cultivation of soils is their fertility. The development of
productive forces, the improvement of economic and social conditions have a positive effect on soil formation.
A special role in the soil-forming phenomenon is played by living organisms, primarily green plants and microorganisms. In turn, the soil, thanks to its special properties, is of great importance in the life of the organic world. It is a product and an element of the landscape, a special natural body, an important natural environment of the entire globe. The task of mankind is to maintain and improve the fertile qualities of soils on Earth.