Quality management methods - techniques and methods by which the relevant authorities can influence the company and elements of the production process in order to achieve the best effect. They can be classified on various grounds: social, economic, statistical, socio-psychological, organizational and so on. Let us consider in more detail the main groups.
Economic methods of quality management include the creation of special conditions that will encourage employees, staff, departments to constantly improve their level. The selection of this group was associated with the development of the modern market. This, in turn, required a wide and mandatory application of economic methods in quality management, which include:
- financing of this activity;
- cost accounting in all divisions that are part of the quality management system;
- the presence of economic incentives for production, material incentives and remuneration of employees;
- pricing of services and products, given their level of quality;
- application of special measures when influencing suppliers;
- Mandatory business planning when creating modernized and new types of services and products.
Organizational and managerial methods of quality management will be carried out using binding executive orders, directives and instructions that come from management. In addition, other requirements are acceptable, which are aimed at ensuring and improving the optimal level of quality. This is about:
- regulation (functional, official, structural);
- standardization;
- rationing;
- instruction (explanation, explanation);
- administrative impact (based on decisions, orders, directions, orders, etc.).
Socio-psychological methods of quality management are aimed at influencing the course of various processes existing in any work collective. In this context, these methods include:
- compulsory moral stimulation of high-quality labor;
- techniques and methods for improving the socio-psychological climate in any team (we are talking about eliminating conflicts, selecting and ensuring compatibility in a group of employees);
- the presence of accounting for individual psychological characteristics of members of the organization;
- mandatory formation of staff motivation aimed at achieving the required quality;
- development and preservation of traditions at the enterprise in order to provide the necessary quality;
- methods and techniques for enhancing self-discipline, initiative, responsibility and creativity of everyone in the team.
Statistical methods of quality management unite a large group of methods that are associated with analysis, processing of a large number of quantitative results and data. This is a histogram, stratification (stratification), Pareto diagram, dispersion (or scatter) diagram and control charts. In addition, they also include individual and specific tools that are used to work with non-numeric, specific information. To do this, use cause-effect diagrams that systematize, generalize the available logical results and translate them into a numerical form.
The most popular way in this group is a flowchart - a graphical representation of the sequence in the implementation of the main and additional stages of any process.
Therefore, at present, quality management systems in organizations of any profile are very well formed, justified and developed.