The rivers of the Tyumen region are most full-flowing and numerous in the taiga forest zone and in the north. Forest-steppe areas in the south of the region suffer from water scarcity. The lakes and rivers of this region are famous for their amazingly beautiful places. Many rivers are suitable for boating. Fishermen love this region for their rich and diverse catches.
Water resources of the region
The law "On the administrative-territorial structure of the Tyumen region" provides for the inclusion of the autonomous okrugs in the Ugra region, the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets autonomous districts. All water resources of this territory are mainly related to the Kara Sea basin. In some areas of the Yamal-Nenets (in the west) district and the Khanty-Mansiysk (in the north-west) - to the basin of the Barents Sea.
If we consider the "clean" Tyumen region, then the total length of all its 4,791 rivers is 32,700 kilometers. Most of them are small rivers and streams. Taking into account the autonomous okrugs, the numbers increase significantly:
- almost 75 thousand rivers;
- length - more than 420,000 km.
The total number of lakes (with districts) is 1.7 million. The area of artificial reservoirs, wetlands, marshes, rivers and lakes of the Tyumen region is unstable. It depends on natural factors: water regime, waterlogging, weather conditions. To a lesser extent from drainage of territories.
Rivers
A brief description of the most significant rivers of the Tyumen region:
- Big Nyyama. Stormy, with rapids and backwaters, length - 92 km, famous for a large number of pikes, has several tributaries: Vogulka, Listvyanka, Malaya Nyyama.
- Ivdel. A fairly fast mountain river with rapids and rapids 116 km long.
- Irtysh. The main left tributary of the Ob (the longest river tributary in the world, crosses three countries Kazakhstan, China and Russia).
- To go nuts. The inflow (left) of Tobol flows through two more regions of Kurgan and Sverdlovsk, the total length is 606 km, tributaries of the Tech, Sinara, Miass;
- Ishim. The longest left tributary of the Irtysh flows through two countries, Kazakhstan and Russia, with a length of 2,450 km and 270 km - suitable for shipping.
- Tavda. The inflow (left) of Tobol, with a very winding channel, 719 km long.
- Tour. The inflow (left) of Tobol. It flows also in the Sverdlovsk region, shipping. The total length of 1030 km, tributaries: Aktay, Nitsa, Salda, Tagil, Pyshma. Three reservoirs have been built on the Tour.
- Pyshma. Inflow (right) Tours. Length 603 km, suitable for rafting. Three reservoirs are used for industrial water supply.
Among the other rivers of the Tyumen region the most famous is the left tributary of the Irtysh - Vagai, in its waters the Cossack chieftain Ermak died.
Lakes
Only in the Tyumen region itself there are more than 36,000 lakes, with a total area of approximately 3.1 thousand km 2 . The number of lakes per unit area decreases from north to south, if we take into account the entire territory of the region, together with the districts.
Most of the lakes are located in depressions and swamps. There are floodplain, glacial and lowland reservoirs, the vast majority of them are fresh. In the south of the region there are lakes with increased mineralization. These include the Salt Lake, located in the Berdyuzh district, Akush of the Kazan region (on the border with Kazakhstan).
The largest water bodies
The largest rivers of the Tyumen region Ob and Irtysh, among the lakes stands out Big Uvat:
- Ob. The largest river in Western Siberia. The length is 3650 km, the basin area is 2 990 000 km². It carries its waters to the Kara Sea, at the confluence it forms a huge (800 km long) bay called the Gulf of Ob. Navigable all over. The main tributaries are Ket, Irtysh, Tom, Charysh, Chulym. More than 50 species of fish live in the Ob, half of them are commercial, including muksun, nelma, sturgeon, peled, pikeperch, whitefish, sterlet, and chir.
- Irtysh. Its length on the territory of Kazakhstan is 1700 km, China - 525 km, the longest section in Russia - 2010 km. The basin area is 1643 thousand km². The width of the river in the northern regions reaches one kilometer, the depth on rifts is up to 3 m, on reaches up to 15 m. The river waters are used to fill the Irtysh-Karaganda canal. The channel is very winding, 3784 km are suitable for shipping, navigation is possible from April to early November. Here one of the few passenger river routes of the country has been laid. The Irtysh cascade of hydropower plants (Shulbinsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Bukhtarminskaya) was built on the river. In the Irtysh there are representatives of sturgeon, pike, cod, cyprinids, fireflies, salmonids, and perch families.
- Big Uvat. Width 9 km, length 25 km, depth - up to 5 meters, area 179 km 2 , silty bottom. It is located on the territory of the regional nature monument "Lake Big Uvat". From it flows one of the rivers of the Tyumen region - Vertinis (a tributary of Ishim). Rare species of birds nest on the shores of the lake: Curlew, Red-throated Goose, White-tailed Eagle, Eagle Owl.