On almost every bed you can see delicious heads of crisp cabbage. However, only a few manage to wait for the harvest and collect healthy, large vegetables. Why is that? This is primarily due to the fact that cabbage, like no other plant, is susceptible to various diseases, it is often attacked by pests. And therefore, the disease of cabbage and the fight against them for many owners is an extremely burning topic.
One of the most common diseases of cabbage is the so-called white rot. It is characteristic of vegetables growing on loamy soil. Most often, white rot affects the lower leaves of cabbage and the root neck. Tissues overthrown by the disease lose their natural color, become watery, and also become covered with white, cotton-like, mycelium. Closer to autumn, the mycelium becomes denser and transforms into sclerotia of black color (they can have a different shape). And already during the storage period, another disease may occur - gray rot. Petioles of the lower
leaves of cabbage, which is affected by gray rot, are covered with fluffy gray mold with small dots.
Diseases of cabbage and the fight against them often imply the development of keel. It develops in conditions of excessive humidity. On the roots of the diseased plant, specific growths can be observed, it soon dries and dies. To avoid this disease, before planting seedlings, the soil is treated with a suspension of colloidal sulfur (0.4%, five grams per 1 sq. M). Infected plants should be isolated and burned as quickly as possible.
Many problems are caused by diseases such as the black leg, mucous bacteriosis, cabbage mosaic, peronosporosis and rhizoctonia.
A separate topic is pests and diseases of cabbage, which are associated with the activity of insects. This is an ordinary cabbage (white cabbage), and cruciferous fleas, and a bear, and white turnip, spring and summer cabbage flies, nutcrackers and wireworms, garden, exclamation, winter and cabbage scoops, naked slugs. For many pests, cabbage is an exquisite delicacy, because this is another reason why the diseases of cabbage and the fight against them are such an urgent topic.
There is a certain list of preventive measures to preserve seedlings and get a good healthy crop:
- before sowing, the seeds are disinfected: about 15-20 minutes are heated in hot water (about 50 degrees), dipped in cold water for 2-3 minutes and dried a little;
- when growing seedlings, it is important to ensure that the air temperature does not rise above 18-20 degrees, and the soil is not too wet;
- all diseased plants need to be isolated and destroyed as soon as possible;
- maintain neutral soil acidity;
- observe crop rotation: cabbage can be planted every 5-8 years at the same place in the soil;
- When studying pests and cabbage diseases from a photo, it is important to know how to repel insects: in equal proportions you need to mix tobacco dust and ash and sprinkle the soil around with this mixture;
- Before planting in the soil, it is worth dipping the roots of the plants in a solution of an insecticide (for example, malathion), mullein and clay;
- early harvesting and planting of cabbage also contribute to the preservation of the crop.
Diseases of cabbage and the fight against them cause many problems for the owners. However, adhering to the rules of growing vegetables, you can most likely avoid them.