What is gymnastics? Gymnastics is a type of Olympic sport. It includes a number of specific exercises that are performed on such shells: a log, rings, bars and a horse. Among other things, it includes floor exercises and jumps. Floor exercises include a combination of elements - somersaults, somersaults, twines and racks. In the best way, it will make it clear what gymnastics is, a photo.
Who makes a verdict in competitions?
A verdict on performance is issued by several judges according to different criteria. Specialists are also carefully selected. They must understand what gymnastics is, and understand its nuances. Based on their ratings, the average score is derived. Among the criteria, the technicality of the exercises is of great importance, whether the athlete confidently performed them and what combinations he used in the performance, in what quantity during the entire performance. The creative side of the performance and the artistry of the athlete are also taken into account.
First mention
What is gymnastics, it became known back in the VIII century. BC. It appeared among the ancient Greeks. At that time there was an interest in the general development of man, in which his physical health played a large role. At that time, gymnastic elements were not yet an independent sport and was used only to prepare athletes for the Olympic Games.
There is also information about the earlier use of gymnastic exercises in Ancient China, where they were used mainly for healing the body. In China, they did gymnastics regularly, twice a day, in the morning and in the evening. They have different names for them and one way or another intersects with martial arts - Wushu and Tai Chi. The latter practice is quite popular in our time, but has acquired some changes and is more focused on the development of the respiratory system, relates to breathing practices.
In addition to general recovery, the now-known elements of gymnastics were designed to hone techniques in the fight against the enemy and successfully conduct battles. That is, they had a clear military direction. It is widely believed that the well-known special wooden shell - a horse - was used to prepare warriors for horse ownership during fights. On it, soldiers honed their skills in order to be able to confidently mount on a horse and at the same time wage a battle with the enemy.
In addition, artifacts have also been found in India confirming the origin of gymnastics and its constituent exercises. The concept of what gymnastics is from South Asia.
Rules and features of sports
The content of the performance elements is not limited by the rules, and each speaker, together with his coach, draws up his personal performance plan for a particular championship. The type of exercise differs depending on the gender of the athlete, due to the greater development of some muscle groups in men and the difficulty in women mastering some of the shells.
Exits on such apparatuses are intended for the male: rings, a horizontal bar, parallel bars and exercises on a horse, as well as floor exercises and jumps. Women perform elements in competitions on bars with different heights, as well as on a log. Like men, they have vaulting with floor exercises. The winner is determined by the successful combination of exercises performed on different shells.
Clothing for gymnastics
There are certain criteria for the correct leotard for gymnastics and the requirements approved for it, non-observance of which can serve as an inadmissibility of performance:
- A swimsuit should be made of opaque material, if one is present and necessary for design, then underneath it must necessarily be an opaque material.
- The cutout on the chest and back should not be too deep.
- The color of the swimsuit should be quite restrained and not distract the audience from the athlete performing the exercises.
Swimsuit for women plays not only a practical role, but also aesthetic. It provides maximum comfort and convenience while performing elements in the all-around. The athlete himself can choose the design suitable for him, thereby creating his own image in the arena. A beautiful swimsuit will highlight the athlete and attract the attention of the audience.
For training and performance, the athlete must have different models of swimwear. As a rule, the first is quite simple, and the second is decorated with all kinds of rhinestones and patterns. There are different models of swimwear, one of which is tight-fitting. Such a swimsuit fits as much as possible to the skin and as if merges with it, allowing the athlete not to feel it on himself. It does not constrain movements and is very comfortable to wear.
Swimwear comes with and without sleeves. As a rule, there are no special requirements for the type of swimsuit. The athlete chooses to wear a swimsuit with or without sleeves. Sleeves carry out exclusively stylistic function of a bathing suit and in addition decorate it.
The most common material used in the manufacture of swimwear is lycra, as it has the highest elasticity.
What features did gymnastics in Ancient Russia have?
The beginning of the appearance of gymnastic exercises dates back to Ancient Russia, when it was part of national holidays. Various competitions were held at them, where people were invited to compete in strength and dexterity. A little later, Peter the Great and Suvorov began to pay serious attention to her. At that time, it was a mandatory attribute in the military environment and was used to physically prepare soldiers for battles and wars.
Gymnastics in Russia has already gained great popularity and the status of a mass sport. The pioneers in this sport, who were the first to represent the Soviet Union in the championships, are Nikolai Sery and Maria Tyshko. Their performance was successful, and they received the title of absolute champions at this championship.
Sports and rhythmic gymnastics. Main differences
In rhythmic gymnastics, in contrast to sports, exclusively female persons are allowed to participate.
Rhythmic gymnastics is the performance of an acrobatic exercise to the music with one of several types of objects or without it at all. Ropes, ball, hoops, maces and ribbons may be used.
Rhythmic gymnastics, in contrast to sports, is characterized by obligatory musical accompaniment. Previously performed to the accompaniment of the piano, where there was only one main melody, played throughout the performance. Currently, gymnasts perform under orchestral phonograms. The choice of music for the performance is chosen by the coach and participants to your taste. The duration of a performance in rhythmic gymnastics is approximately equal to the duration of a women's performance in gymnastics.