Pump circulation systems are used to support the movement of water coolant in enterprises and in private homes. Tasks can be different - from providing the basic heating function to the organization of advanced air conditioning. The circulation system itself is formed by several groups of communication elements, but the pump is almost always the main link.
The principle of the system
At a basic level, the heating infrastructure may involve the natural movement of the coolant. In this case, a one-pipe scheme is used, in accordance with which hot medium is supplied to the target objects of heat accumulation, and spent cold streams exit from the reverse side. They again go to the boiler , warm up and repeat the described cycle. This model is easy to maintain, but ineffective and rarely suitable, for example, for two-story buildings. In turn, the circulation pump for heating systems allows you to increase the feed power, which ultimately makes it possible to evenly distribute at all points of heat distribution. That is, radiators installed on different floors will be supplied with a coolant with the same temperature, since the difference in delivery time will be insignificant. The pumps maintain sufficient pressure to lift , eliminating the cooling of water during movement.
Types of circulation pumps
There are two types of pumps. In the first case, the rotor of the equipment is located in the zone of movement of the coolant, which involves the use of the latter as a lubricant. This is the so-called wet rotor configuration, characterized by a simple design, ease of maintenance and quiet operation. But it is important to consider some features of the installation of such units. How to install this type of circulation pump in the heating system?
Installation is carried out only in a horizontal position relative to the earth's surface. Inclined and especially vertical layouts can lead to equipment breakdowns in the first weeks of operation. Also, due to modest performance, such models are installed mainly in small houses - by the way, the efficiency of units rarely exceeds 50%. The second type of circulating transfer pumps are models provided with a rotor isolated from the coolant. The advantages of this technique include efficiency of about 70% and high reliability . However, during operation, regular updates of the lubricating oil will be required.
Implement Placement Configurations
The layout of the pump is determined by the waste heat transfer system. That is, the configuration of the channels through which already cold water returns to the boiler . In a single-tube system, the terminal pipes of batteries and radiators can be connected to lines that deliver coolant. In this case, the heating efficiency decreases in relation to the heating points, which will be supplied with a mixed medium. Such a circulation system assumes that the pump should be at the point of water supply to the boiler equipment. But the two-pipe scheme is more productive in terms of heat transfer volumes . It allows you to completely separate the direction circuits of hot and cold water, without compromising the efficiency of part of the heaters. In such systems, it may be necessary to install a second pump - at the outlet of the heating source.
Installing a circulation pump in the system
Before installation work, it is necessary to flush the heating circuits so that sedimentary elements come out of the pipeline. The presence of foreign particles after repair operations, for example, can disable equipment. Directly installing the circulation pump in the heating system is carried out by attaching the unit to a discharge or supply pipe. The insert is made with complete fittings using a bench tool. It is important to note that shut-off valves must also be placed before and after the pump position. They will allow in case of equipment failure to stop the delivery of water and carry out repairs.
The following is a test phase. The circuits must be filled with coolant, and then check the pressure. It must correspond to the optimum level for a specific heating system and the parameters of the pumping unit. If necessary, it is possible to perform pressure testing , which will allow to identify possible areas of depressurization. But the installation of air can interfere with the operation of the pipes. How to install a circulation pump in the heating system so that excess air is initially removed from the pipeline? To do this, immediately after fixing the unit, it is necessary to start the water and open all the valves. This is the main operation for removing air in the circuits, which should be repeated several times at intervals of 15 minutes.
Pump Circulation Reviews
Owners of houses with such communications note their undoubted advantage in terms of effectively supporting the supply pressure of the coolant. Many point to the ergonomics of pump control systems, thanks to which it becomes possible to accurately control the flow of hot water. Nevertheless, the circulation system has several disadvantages. The main one is the requirement for regular maintenance. For example, pump models provided with an insulated rotor will always need effective lubrication.
Conclusion
The use of water as a coolant to this day is the cheapest way to organize heating systems. Alternative electric radiators are expensive because of the cost of electricity, and many gas equipment scares off the threat of accidents. But the circulation system that ensures the delivery of water to radiators is not an ideal solution. If in the process of operation such communications regularly perform their tasks, which is a plus, then the stage of technical organization of the pipeline is a lot of trouble. To this it is worth adding the need to integrate the pump, as well as further measures for its maintenance.