The ability of one word to immediately mean several completely unrelated concepts is the scourge of any person who decides to study foreign languages. As an example, let's look at different ways of interpreting the word "saw." After all, it can be both a noun and a verb. And in order to better emphasize the difference, we will make it morphological, morphemic and phonetic analyzes.
Saw - what is it?
In the Russian language, this term as a noun has the following main meaning. This is the name of a tool intended for cutting (sawing) into pieces of solid objects. Most often, saws are used when working with wood or metal. Often they are used when working with ceramic tiles, bricks, etc.
As a rule, the cutting part of this tool is made of hardened steel and other high-strength alloys, as well as from artificial diamonds. In order to save, the surface of the blade is often simply coated with a particularly strong spray.
Most saws have an identical design. This is either a steel strip or a cutting rotating disc with teeth on the edges.
There are several types of such devices.
- A hand saw is a rectangular steel plate with a handle. Holding on to it, a person saws an object, moving the tool back and forth. Thus, it immerses the teeth deeper into the material with each movement.
- A bow saw is one of the varieties of a hand tool. However. unlike the previous view, this handle is made in the form of an arc or frame, and the blade itself is thinner.
- A mechanical saw is powered by an engine. It is also usually equipped with an automatic feed device. This species is more cumbersome (compared with the previous ones), but at the same time its efficiency is higher.
- A band saw is an electric device that uses a thin, pointed metal plate.
- Instead of a rectangular blade, a circular saw has a steel circle with pointed teeth. This tool works due to electricity or battery. This species is also called a circular saw.
- The easel saw is also usually equipped with a cutting disc. However, unlike ordinary circular, it is closer in its structure to the machine.
Figurative meaning of the word
Besides the direct meaning, this noun is often used in a figurative sense.
A saw is a grumpy person who constantly torments with his unbearable character and nit-picking, "sawing" others.
For example: “If I knew what kind of saw my mother-in-law could be, I would remain a bachelor for life.”
There is a misconception that only women are called that way, but in reality a bad temper is characteristic of all genders, as well as nationalities. Therefore, characterizing picky men, you can also use this word. However, in this case they usually say "man-saw."
Series of films "Saw"
In addition to all of the above, the considered noun is also the name of the highest grossing series of horror films in the history of mankind.
At the moment, nine films of this series have already been shot. Moreover, the debut of them is a short film for 9.5 minutes. All the other eight parts are full-length horror films.
At the center of all the events of “Saws” are the actions of a clever maniac and his followers, who kidnap people and force them to participate in a deadly survival game.
Based on this franchise, two video games have also been released:
Saw: The Video Game, Saw II: Flesh & Blood.
Saw like a verb
As was said at the beginning, the word under study can act not only as a noun, but also as a verb. This is a feminine past tense from the word “drink” (absorb fluid or take medicine).
For example: "What was it I drank yesterday that my head hurts so much today?" Thus, it turns out that the verb “saw” is a homoform (when words are not always homonymous, but only in a certain form) of the noun “saw”.
Morphological analysis of the word "saw"
Having considered all the meanings of the studied term, it is worthwhile to deal with its analysis according to various criteria.
First of all, one should give a grammatical characterization of this word, that is, conduct its morphological analysis.
So, “saw” is an inanimate feminine noun (singular), located in the nominative case. In this form, it coincides with the initial form - “saw”.
This word is inclined not only in numbers, but also in cases. In the singular, it has the following forms.
I.p .: saw.
RP: saws.
D.p .: peel.
V.p .: saw.
T.p .: with a saw / saw.
P.p .: peel.
In the plural, the noun saw varies in cases like this.
I.p .: saws.
R.p .: drank.
D.p .: saw.
V.p .: saws.
Etc .: saws.
Pp: about the saws.
Having carried out the morphological analysis of the noun, it is also worth analyzing its verb-homoform.
So, this word is a transitive verb in a personal form. It refers to the female gender, singular, elapsed time, imperfect form, valid voice.
The infinitive of this word is the verb “drink”.
Phonetic analysis of the saw
Having given a grammatical characterization of the studied term (both as a noun and as a verb), it is worth characterizing all the sounds in the word “saw”.
His phonetic transcription is as follows: [p'ilà].
The studied name consists of two open syllables: pi-la. It has four letters and the same number of sounds. Let's look at each of them.
The letter "p" in the word gives a consonant, soft, deaf, paired sound [p ']. He acquired his softness thanks to the following vowel [and].
The letter “and” gives an unstressed, non-labialized vowel sound [and]. If we are talking about a verb, then the infinitive “drink” will be a test word for defining a vowel (e or s). In it [and] stands under stress.
The letter “l” in this term is an unpaired, sonorous, sonorous, solid consonant sound [l].
The letter “a” in this example is a stressed, non-labialized vowel sound [a].
Composition of the word
If in phonetic transcription the verb and the noun “saw” look the same, then with morphemic analysis they can reveal their differences.
So, in this noun, the basis is “drank” and the ending “a”. The root of this word coincides with its base - “drank”.
If we are talking about a verb, then in it the ending will again be “a”. That's just the basis and root will be part of the "pi". But “l” is the formative suffix of the past tense, which, moreover, is not part of the base.