"Change" or "change", how to spell? Explanation and interpretation

It has become customary to talk about the education crisis in Russia. Of course, here it is not about higher speech, but about secondary, school. With the first, we just have no problems. According to the percentage ratio, Russia is the most educated country: we have the most people in the world with higher education. There is something to be proud of. But still the question arises, "surrender" or "task". We will analyze the latter in detail.

The scourge of modernity is the rule: “as it is heard, it is written”

Probably, it will not be an exaggeration to say that the main characteristic of the current person is laziness. High technology has made us inactive: we prefer to watch movies at home rather than in the cinema, to read books from a monitor rather than on paper, although this also has an economic reason. And the saddest thing is that we are too lazy to think. After all, the question of how to correctly: “surrender” or “task” arises precisely because people do not bother to look into the dictionary and see that there is no letter “z” in the described word under any circumstances. But we are all very criticized. We’ll better investigate why the difficulty arises.

A difficult but useful rule

The very first thing to remember: the prefix “z” does not exist in Russian. The following rule may confuse a doubting person: the letter "h" is written in prefixes before voiced consonants (b, c, d, d, f, h, l, m, n, r) and vowels, and the letter "c", respectively, before deaf consonants (n, f, k, t, w, s, h, u, q, x).

Of course, one cannot do without prefixes and examples themselves, here they are the main characters of the story (first “voiced”, then “deaf”):

• without-;
• time-;
• of-;
• WHO-;
• vz;
• bottom;
• through.

Examples: unrequited love, a mother-in-law, redeemer, return, take-off, cast down, excessiveness .

Further - not that antagonists, but twin:

• bes;
• ras;
• is-;
• re-;
• sun-;
• nis;
• loin- (skull-).

Examples: to interpret, to interpret, to ascend, feeding, to fall, too much .

Rule Notes

They are no less important than the rule itself, moreover, it is in them that the answer to the question is hidden, as they say, "surrender" or "task".

1. The rule does not apply to the prefix “c”. She does not give way to anyone, she does not care what letter after her, voiced or deaf. Example: "Burn, but do it, work it all to the end." All verbs in the sentence confirm the exception.
2. The prefix “c” is included in the following words: “not good”, unrestrained ”,“ intractable ”(of course, the list is incomplete). In this case, the danger is of a different kind: you can make a mistake not only with “z”, but also confuse it with the prefix “nis”. But the morphemic analysis, for example, of the last word (“intractable”) will come to the rescue: here the prefixes “not” and “c”, “talk” - the root, “chiv” - the suffix, “ost” - the ending. The basis of the word, as you know, is everything except the ending.
3. Note 3 does not apply directly to the topic, but you won’t erase the points from the rules, so there’s one thing to keep in mind: do not confuse the root “bottom” and the prefix “bottom”. For example: "stunted hobbit", but "deposition of the king."
4. The last, extremely important circumstance for us: words in which the letter “z” is part of the root do not fall under the rule. These exceptions are well known to everyone: “building”, “here”, “health”. The latter term has many derivatives, which are also worth remembering.

Now we hope that the question of how to write, “surrender” or “surrender”, will disappear by itself.

How to remember?

Russian language is one of the most difficult. Therefore, in advance you can feel sorry for those who did not learn their native language at school, and foreigners can only wish for more zeal and love for the “great and mighty”. No special tricks are required here. The algorithm is as follows:

1. Need to understand the morphemic composition of the word, that is, the doubtful letter - part of the root or prefix? If the second one, then look at the root or voiced letter, the root begins, respectively: if the voice is consonant, then “c” is written, if the voiced consonant or vowel is “z”.
2. Those who do not need to solve a difficult problem under the first number, but are tormented by the question: "make" or "create", "surrender" or "task", you only need to remember the notes to the general rule. And make the right choice. And yes, it’s worth remembering that there is no separate prefix “z” in Russian.

I would like to tell the reader that you can do without cramming, but we are ashamed to deceive him. Few people possess innate literacy (discussed below), the rest is knowledge and labor.

Inborn literacy: myth or reality?

Sorry for the stamp in the title, but here it comes in handy. Quite a lot of people believe that there is innate literacy. But, no matter how offensive, the term is incorrect. It is better to replace the adjective with "intuitive." You can develop intuitive literacy. That is, a person will be able, without looking at the dictionary, to say which option is correct: “surrender” or “surrender” of money, for example. An educated person experiences unconscious anxiety: in the second word there is some kind of flaw. But with such knowledge they are not born. People from early childhood read, over the years of training, they develop a linguistic instinct. The latter is called innate literacy. And even those who claim that they have such “superpower” simply forgot or do not take their children's reading into account. True, it seems that no matter how the phenomenon is called, it applies only to spelling: a person who reads a lot, remembers the correct graphic image of words. But punctuation is much more difficult to cope with: too many subtleties. Therefore, there is simply no other choice but to study and study, master the native or foreign Russian language.