The term "social deviation" refers to some social behavior that does not meet certain standards established in society. If we consider any social group of people or a whole society with many such groups, then they adopted the standards of behavior that everyone follows. Deviation in sociology deals with deviations from generally accepted norms, which can be either positive or negative.
Negative deviation in sociology may be associated, for example, with alcoholism. Such deviations are not accepted by society, they come across certain barriers and obstacles. People themselves who exhibit this kind of behavior may be influenced by society, which is manifested in the sanctions adopted. Depending on the type of behavior, sanctions can be different - isolation, or compulsory treatment, in some cases - some punishments for the offender.
In general, deviation in sociology can run into formal and informal sanctions. If we consider sociology as a science, then its main studied problem is just deviations from the norm. This science is used to create the development of related fields, and it also served as the basis for the formation of some modern sciences. In particular, criminology can be mentioned, which uses the experience of studying the deviant behavior of various criminals to form psychological portraits , etc.
Deviation in sociology has been studied by many scientists and simple researchers who have contributed to overall development. One of the first classical works on this subject is considered "Suicide" by Emil Durkheim in 1897. Durkheim was a well-known French sociologist who even founded the whole direction of the sociological school.
Deviation in Education
The study of deviation provides some undeniable advantages, in particular, measures can be taken to eliminate negative deviations in behavior. This practice is used in educational institutions, the effectiveness of their work depends on how well teachers can identify such problems.
Teenage deviations as a socio-pedagogical problem are most acute in secondary school, although they must be closely monitored at the entire stage of education. It is necessary to identify the deviant as early as possible, i.e. a person whose behavior is somehow different from generally accepted norms. Deviations can be social, pedagogical, ethnic, age, etc.
During work, it is important to understand the cause of the deviation, as well as what it can lead to. In some cases, the deviations, as already mentioned, will not necessarily be negative.
The problem with this behavior is that it can only be the first step of something larger. So V.N Ivanov singled out several levels of deviant behavior: pre-criminogenic and criminogenic.
F. Pataki said that there are several basic characteristics of such behavior: crime, alcoholism, suicide, drug addiction. This is the basis for the sociological theories of deviation that formed after.
Deviant behavior is the result of the appearance of people who are not able to get along normally in society, these may be criminals or brilliant artists and writers who are closed in themselves. Any deviation should be monitored and, if possible, eliminated, preferably with the preservation of positive aspects. For example, a brilliant person in the early stages, you can try to teach communication with other people. A large number of deviants in society threatens to violate the stability of this very society, so this should be controlled in any manifestation. But the concept of deviation may differ depending on the society and its norms, therefore, in many cases, individual methods must be found.