What is the meaning of the word “call”? If we follow the dictionary interpretation, then this token has not one, but several. But if you look closely at them, you can see that they are quite close to each other. But all the more interesting to lovers of the Russian language will understand the nuances. Detailed information on what it means to “call” will be considered in this review.
Let's turn to the dictionary
As a rule, there are given three options for the meaning of the word “call”.
This is, firstly, an action indicating a request addressed to some one - to respond or come closer.
- Example 1: “Having departed a great distance from his comrades, Oleg, frightened, realized that he was lost and began to call them. He had to do this for quite some time, until they finally heard the boy. "
- Example 2: "Father, as always in the summer, worked in the hayloft, and at the request of his mother, Sashka ran to call him for lunch."
Second value
Secondly, this means contacting someone by name or giving a name.
- Example 1: “Sergey was very shy and took some time until in an unfamiliar company he finally told the pretty girl who liked him what his name was.”
- Example 2: “Do you guys know that in Ancient Russia children were often called for their shortcomings, for example, Khromusha, Kosoy, Kriv, Zloba?”, The teacher asked. Then she explained that this was done in order to avoid the evil eye. "
Another interpretation
The third meaning of the word “call” is to invite somewhere a person or several.
Example 1: “Marianne went happy all day, because in the evening she was invited to visit such a company, where there would be many interesting and even famous people, which greatly flattered her vanity.”
Example 2: "The soft September breeze slowly rolled rare fallen leaves, played with girlish hair and seemed to be calling behind him into the distance."
For a better understanding of the meaning of the word “call” it will be advisable to get acquainted with its synonyms.
Synonyms
Among them you can find such as:
- to click;
- hail;
- beckon;
- invite;
- call upon;
- apply;
- convene;
- call;
- beckon;
- halloo;
- shout;
- Shout
- let out a cry;
- attract;
- agukat;
- attract;
- beckon;
- tempt;
- to seduce;
- persuade;
- to name;
- dignify;
- call;
- give a name.
Further, it will be interesting to consider the etymology of the word under study.
Origin
It originates in the Proto-Slavic language, where the word zvati exists, from which many words arose in related languages. Here are some examples:
- zvati - in Old Slavonic;
- zvati - in Ukrainian, Serbo-Croatian;
- zvat - in Belarusian;
- call (call) - in Bulgarian;
- zváti - in Slovenian and Czech;
- zvát - in Czech and Slovak;
- zwać - in Polish.
It is believed that the word being studied is related
- Lithuanian žavėti, meaning “to bewitch, enchant”;
- Latvian zavet, which means "to speak, to charm";
- Ancient Indian hávatē in the sense of “calling”;
- Avestan (one of the Iranian languages) - zavaiti - "calls, cries";
- Armenian jaunem - “dedicate”;
- Greek καυχᾶσθαι - “brag”;
- Irish guth - "voice".
At the end of the discussion, the meaning of the word “call” can be found out as people were called in Russia.
Names and nicknames
They began to be given in Russia since pre-Christian times. And they could become any of the words that, being associated with customs, appearance, habits, surrounding phenomena, could “stick” to a person and become his nickname, and then his name. With a certain degree of conditionality, they can be divided into groups that are associated, for example, with:
- traits of character - Istoma, Nesmeyana, Taciturn, Sullen, Vesela;
- Craft - Blacksmith, Fur Coat, Cooper, Spoon, Kozhemyak;
- the appearance of a person - Belyanka, Chernava, Ryaba, Malyuta, Bolshak;
- in numbers - First, Second, Tretiak, Four, Shestak;
- nature - Oak, Bull, Pike, Bear, Linden.
Sometimes with age, such nicknames changed to others, those that over time became more suitable for a person. There were also protective names that protected from the evil eye - trouble, grief, famously. After the Christian names appeared, the nicknames did not disappear, but began to supplement them.