The architect Ivan Zholtovsky developed the design of the HPP-1 building for the state power station. The complex of buildings resembles the shape of a ship. It runs the oldest ship since imperial times. Alexander III, by his decree, ordered the construction of an alternating current station to illuminate Moscow.
Historical recursion
Until 1897, Moscow received light from the St. George Power Station; at present, there is an exhibition of the New Manege. HES-1 began its work on November 28, 1897 with a capacity of 3.3 MW, it gradually developed, improved in accordance with the time and technologies of that period. The achievement of production is an increase in capacity over 7 years to the level of 10.5 MW.
Equipment was installed at the production sites in the form of:
- oil boilers;
- steam piston machines;
- generators.
The first Moscow trams received energy from this station. In 1907, the history of the energy sector of our country was completed by launching the second stage, the Raush station was built there, a new machine room and a boiler room were put into operation. During the First World War, economic difficulties began in the country that influenced the development of the energy industry; in 1915, the equipment of HPP-1 was transferred to peat in the Moscow Region.
The development of the Soviet period
In 1917, the country and laws changed. The Council of People's Commissars, by its Decree, confiscated the property of the joint-stock company for electric lighting, created in 1886. From December 29, 1917, HPP-1 became owned by the young Soviet Republic. It should be noted that by this period the enterprise was the largest in terms of capacity (55 MW) with 12 turbines.
Soviet development was as follows:
- 1920 - the company operates as a regulatory structure while maintaining regulatory frequencies and power system voltages.
- The GOELRO has developed a 5-year plan - to increase capacity within 75 MW.
- Project activities were overfulfilled, new units were installed that allowed reaching capacities up to 110 MW.
The further development of the station takes on a heating direction. In 1931, the first hot water main was introduced. The time has come to create a specialized enterprise. Since January 28, 1931, Mosenergo has managed the heating networks, their operation and development, under the direction of Dr. Scifrinson B. L.
Significant Events
During the Second World War, brigades are created from the company’s employees who carry out air defense of a strategic facility. At the same time, the team continues to work at the station, the provision of light and heat to residential and industrial premises does not stop.
After the war, Mosenergo begins to use natural gas at HPP-1; it becomes the first organization among energy enterprises operating on this type of fuel.
Station Association
In 1956, the Government decided to unite the SHPP-1 and SHPP-2 operating at that time, they provided energy for transport, illuminated city streets, gave light to buildings and structures.
From 06/01/1956, a hydroelectric station-1 named after Smidovich. Pyotr Germogenovich was an outstanding party and statesman, the Government of the USSR decided to assign his name to the station. Registered object on the street. Sadovnicheskaya number 11 in Moscow. It saturates with electricity the single energy system of the Russian Federation, provides heat to the Moscow Central District together:
- with the Kremlin;
- State Duma;
- Old and Lubyanka squares.
In post-Soviet times, the company underwent changes with the improvement of technical equipment.
Modernization
Until 1993, at G.P. Smidovich hydroelectric power station-1, 6 reconstructions of the main equipment were carried out at different production periods, powerful turbogenerators — up to 25 MW — were installed, and they were supplied by the Kaluga Turbine Plant. The installation of a new gas-oil boiler was recorded in 2001, it increased the output of thermal energy by 1.5 times. The turbogenerator was replaced and a modified turbine was launched in 2006, with its help, power was increased by 25 MW.
Atomenergomash OJSC entered into an agreement with the management of HPS-1 named after P. G. Smidovich regarding the implementation of a set of measures for boiler equipment. The development of design projects is carried out by leading engineers of the country.
What prospects await the facility?
Articles appeared in the press that in the near future, a shutdown is inevitable for HPS-1 (Mosenergo). The company's territory is attractive for luxury real estate.
In this case, consider:
- the location of the station on Raushskaya embankment in the Central Administrative District of Moscow;
- commissioning of the facility since 1897;
- Currently, the company is working properly;
- 86 MW. - gives out electric power;
- 951 Gcal. - gives off thermal energy;
- 390 million kW - generates electricity per year;
- runs on gas.
This operating enterprise with large production capacities, which brings a lot of benefits to Muscovites by supplying them with light and heat, is considered at the official level to be a unique architectural monument.
Media Disclaimer
The combination of such factors served as the reason for the appearance of refutations regarding the closure of an important energy center.
The official statement of the representative of Mosenergo:
- the enterprise continues to improve effectively;
- new schemes for the reconstruction of the station were developed;
- Programs for the further development of the generating company have been created;
- airspace pollution is reduced, thermal conditions are optimized, equipment is modernized;
- condensers cool the waters of the Moscow River; purified liquid returns to the channel;
- decommissioning is not planned;
- no one has taken and is not going to change the property in respect of HPP-1 in the future;
- the task of the oldest, existing power plant remains to provide energy resources for the Moscow region.
Mosenergo OJSC consists of 15 stations, but GES-1 has always been one of the leading ones, outstripping productivity in many respects.
The company is the first in everything:
- for the first time, a conductor for powering tram lines;
- the creation of a control center;
- domestic heating pipe introduced;
- gas began to be used.
A museum exposition was created in the administrative building, historical events served as the reason for its opening. The staff collected exhibits, documentary collections from archives with the application of photographs and memoirs of old-timers. For review, a model of the old station, the present and what it will be in the future, is on display. A visual representation is given of how changes and transformations occurred in equipment, the technological chain of energy production. Specialists do not refuse to conduct excursions, an interesting story is told by the chief engineer of the power plant, Shuvalov Alexei Vladimirovich, who thoroughly understands not only production issues, but also the historical facts of his enterprise.