The article will discuss a fairly relevant issue both among web programmers and designers, and among ordinary Internet users - what is a URL, and also find out where we meet, what is the need for it and what it can be .
What it is?
In general, the URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, which means "resource pointer" in translation. From here we can understand that it is essentially a locator that provides the ability to search for a particular resource on the network.
Composition
The link URL includes the name of the protocol, which will later be used to gain access to the site or page with the files. The address consists of two parts:
- protocol used;
- domain name identification .
The first part stores information about the protocol that will be used to gain access to the resource. Here the selection of the protocol necessary for this takes place. Thanks to the second part, the process of identifying an IP address takes place.
Where to find him?
Now that we have learned what a URL is, we are faced with a different question: "How and where to find it?".
For example, in order to find out which URL the page that you are currently located on, you just need to look at the address bar field. It is located at the top of the site page.
The URL of the resource will be automatically changed, and updated when switching from one site to another. For example, in the address bar, before the main link of the site, you can observe "http".
"Http", resource name and file name
Thus, http is one of the vast array of common protocols used by URLs, which is necessary for working with hypertext. Examples of other protocols are File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Gopher, File, and many others.
The resource name is the full address of the resource. Its format depends entirely on the protocol that is directly used in the URL, but for most formats, the resource name has one or more of the following template components:
- domain name ( host name );
- file name;
- The port number to use for the connection (although this is often an optional parameter).
The host name, that is, the domain name, is a more convenient format for the user (person) to identify the site / resource / file on the network.
The file URL name is the path to the file on the computer.
PCSUPPORT - This is the host name that is used to access a particular website.
.COM is what is called a top level domain (TDL). For example, some of these domains include .net, .org, .co.uk, and others.
/ od / driversites / tp / - directories used to organize a web page or file. On the web server containing the website files, these will be the actual folders that you click to find the file indicated by this URL.
URL syntax
Since programming is a formal system, it has two of its main components: syntax and semantics. Thus, in computer science and programming, syntax is a formal set of rules that define characters that are valid for use. What is a URL syntactically?
Only numbers, letters, and the following characters are syntactically valid in a URL: ()! $ -'_ * +. Other signs and symbols must be translated into program code so that the URL can recognize and accept them.
It is noteworthy that, despite spaces prohibited in the URL, some websites use the + sign , which we, for example, can see on such well-known sites as Google and YouTube. Others may use the encoded equivalent of space, which is 20%.
Additional Information
- Need to download files to PC
In the event that the URL points to a specific file that can be displayed directly in your web browser (for example, a JPG image), then there will be no need to download this file to your computer to see it.
However, for those files that usually do not appear in the browser (PDF and DOCX files, as well as EXE files), you will be prompted to download the file to your computer in order to use it.
Some URLs can be too long and complex, and it’s best to open them by clicking on the link or copying them into the address bar of the browser. If you make a mistake when writing the URL, an error may occur in the 400-series HTTP status code. The most common type of such error is error 404.
Whenever you visit a web page, the computer requests data from the server using "http" (as we said earlier, http is a hypertext transfer protocol). Before the web page displays in your browser, the web server sent an HTTP header that contains the status code. Not surprisingly, the browser sent the server its own headers, which contain much more information about you than you think.
Consider the 404th error in more detail.
The first four tells us that the error was committed by the user (client). For example, an error code starting with the number 5 would indicate a server-side error.
A zero in the middle reports a spelling error. The last four clarifies the meaning of this error.
These kinds of errors are very common, and on some sites you can find their own, often humorous versions.
Some URLs, or rather, most of them, do not require a port name. For example, to connect and go to the google website, port 8080 is used . This means that when writing the google URL we can specify the port name using the following link: http://google.com:80. However, in the vast majority of cases this is not necessary.
What does this mean? "Www" stands for World Wide Web. This abbreviation is not really part of the technical protocol. Websites use this to indicate that a user is on the Global Network. Therefore, if you go to http://google.com, it will automatically redirect to http://www.google.com
- Who is Tim Berners-Lee and how is it related to the URL?
And he is directly connected with him: Tim is the creator of the World Wide Web, as well as many elements and specifications for http, html and URL. In addition, Lee is the first person who managed to assemble and integrate all available protocols and concepts into a usable system of hypertext documents that could be accessed via the Internet. In this, his merit is unimaginable: in fact, it is thanks to this person that we are able to obtain the information we need with quick access to it, as well as many other functions of the World Wide Web.
We hope that it was useful, we learned in it:
- What is a url?
- Where to find him.
- Its composition.
- Various protocols and errors URLs of the site page.