The question of what the school curriculum should be and who it should be focused on - “strong” students or “weak” - has been central to Russia for at least the past half century. All this time, school curricula are mainly compiled with a focus on a student with average abilities.
Such an approach to learning is fraught with the fact that children who are more capable in a particular area of science are bored in the classroom and their development is noticeably slowed down. Children who have lower abilities, on the contrary, do not have time. Naturally, all this affects the mental state of the child, his self-esteem and emotional balance.
Thus, the idea arose long ago that a school should have a personality-oriented approach to teaching. What kind of approach is this that will help find answers to the most complex pedagogical questions? In a few words, you can put it this way: personality-oriented learning is a way of organizing the school learning process in such a way that the task is to focus on growing, first of all, personality, and only then does the installation work directly on the criterion of education.
In order to enable this process to develop, which is based on the recognition of the individuality of each student, taking into account its specific characteristics and identity, it is necessary to reorganize the collectives themselves - the classes. Well, think for yourself: how can one teacher work with the number of students in 30 people, actively implementing a personality-oriented approach in teaching in the educational and educational process?
How to manage to pay attention to each person with such a class density, give individual tasks, and even have time to check them? Of course, an experienced teacher will be able to organize the learning process in such a way that each student is given a feasible task, that mastery of skills and abilities proceeds stepwise, and new knowledge clings, like rings of a chain, to those already learned and fixed.
Naturally, in order to bring this situation to life, the teacher must have a document with him that reflects the personal learning outcomes of each child.
In some schools, attempts were made to divide children into classes, taking into account their abilities, first in such test cases as seating children in different ranks: strong, medium and weak. This method created more convenience for the teacher when working with the team, it was easier to organize a personality-oriented approach to training, since in this case the whole team was divided into three smaller ones - into groups. Tasks were prepared for each series separately, the assessment system also worked more closely to the individual level of development of a student.
Indeed, if all the children are "rowed in one comb", then some of the most talented humanities will remain in their second year in the subjects of exact sciences. And future great mathematicians will not be able to move to the next class due to poor knowledge of the Russian language.
However, the children very quickly “saw through” the system of such an organization, regarding it as “hanging labels”. Parents, along with their offspring, were extremely indignant at this innovation, because he also humiliated the dignity of individual individuals. The division of students into classes, taking into account their abilities, was also met with hostility by parents. For some reason, openly declaring a person’s physical disabilities, for example, poor eyesight or heart disease, is not considered degrading to the person. But talking about low abilities and learning ability to any kind of science is perceived as a real insult. Although this is also the physiological characteristics of the individual.
The ideal option would be if the children studied in depth only those subjects that would be useful to them in later life, and the rest for them would be of secondary importance, would not be evaluated, and they would only "listen to the course." Indeed, each low score, both for an adult and for a child, all the more is a severe blow to self-esteem, which acts very destructively on the psyche. But such a method in the general education system is still only just beginning to be discussed in some places. And our children are required to master the full course in all school subjects.
And yet, the separation of children depending on their addictions and mental properties, on the level of their development takes place in our education now. This happens in specialized schools - lyceums, classes and programs in which are formed so that a personality-oriented approach to teaching allows teachers to organize work at a modern level, taking into account the individuality of each individual growing up personality.