Often when writing, people encounter certain spelling problems that can lead a person into a creative stupor. For example, many do not know when it says "not", but when "neither." Often people get confused. The use of particles "not" and "neither" with different parts of speech is carried out according to clear rules. Knowing them will allow you to cope with the correct spelling of words in the text.
The total value of the particles
So, more details. Each of the particles is endowed with its own meaning, which plays a key role in directly setting word forms in a specific position. In order to understand when it says "neither" and when "not", you need to familiarize yourself with the general form of the corresponding rule.
| Particle use is not | Particle use neither |
| Expression of basic denial: We will not go on a trip. | Giving the effect of enhanced denial: I did not see a star. |
| Use in the form of sustainable elements: This student is not a fool at all ! | Use as stable phrases: His clothes are neither caftan nor cassock. |
| In negative or interrogative sentences (quite often “not” goes side by side with a “only” particle): What I just didn’t do on the eve of summer holidays! | Denial in a sentence in which there is no subject: There is not a soul in an abandoned castle. |
| Using a compound verb predicate as a repeating element (particle) : Young grandchildren could not help but think about the well-being of their grandmother. |
Particle spelling for nouns and adjectives
Consider combinations with specific parts of speech. In the first case, the use of the particles "neither" and "neither" obeys a rule that has a small aspect that relates to both the adjective and the noun. What does it mean?
If a synonym that does not have the prefix "non-" can be matched to a certain word, then it is written together in both cases:
My friends saw a small (= small, compact) house on the lawn;
No need to tell me a lie (= lie, deception).
And if after the corresponding word there is a contrast in the form of "union" a " + antonym ", you must write" not "separately:
This stone road is not wide, but narrow ;
I consider him not a friend, but an enemy .
Also, “not” is written separately with the adjective in the following cases:
- designation of any color or taste: he painted not scarlet sails;
- comparative degree: but I am no less than my brother.
Spelling of particles in verbs and adverbs
Since the participles are a special form of the verb, both parts of speech have a common basis in the form of a single rule. Almost always, the listed elements of the Russian language are separated from the "not":
Without thinking about his future, he rarely attached importance to education;
The snow-white horse did not dare to jump over the fence.
Participle spelling
Faced with these parts of speech, people often think about when they say "not", and when "neither", which entails a number of small problems. In fact, the situation is not at all complicated, you just need to pay close attention to some aspects.
| Fusion spelling | Separate spelling |
The absence of dependent words in the full form of the sacrament: I still have unspent money in my pocket. | The presence of dependent words in full participle: a problem not solved by an excellent student |
| In the role of dependent words, with the full participlement, are the adverbs of degree or measure: this is a completely inappropriate place | With the arrangement of the opposition, which is expressed with the help of the union “a”: not blooming roses, but fading roses were visible on the flowerbed |
| The sacrament is characterized by a short form: our collective letter with some requests has not yet been sent |
Spelling of particles in pronouns
If a preposition is observed between the 2 elements of the pronoun, then this combination will be expressed in the form of three separate words. For instance:
My father has no one to borrow a small amount of money from;
In the first lesson, we had nothing to talk about.
The greatest number of questions arises in the case of using "not" and "neither" as prefixes. In fact, everything is very simple:
| It says "not" | It is written "neither" |
| The prefix is under stress: in the alley stood a quietly one in a black hat. | The prefix does not fall stress: no one has the right to offend my kitten. |
There is also another rule that allows you to specify when it says "not", but when "neither" when meeting with certain constructions. Here it is:
Adverb particle spelling
Any negative adverb will be written together with the elements of "not" or "neither". For instance:
I do not regret a perfect deed;
My friend doesn’t have to bring a little horse with him: he already knows all the answers.
But the particle is separated from the main word in some cases. If:
- You should write an adverb through a hyphen: you do not behave in a Christian way;
- nearby is an amplifying dialect: we do not really want to go to school;
- the dialect does not end with the letters -e or -o: I do not always draw colorful pictures.
A substantial part of the considered unchanging parts of speech ending in -o or -e obeys rules that have their own special characteristic. Here they are:
Particle spelling for conjunctions and prepositions
In the Russian language, in addition to the independent parts of speech, there are also service ones, which are peculiar “sticky” segments, thanks to which sentences take on a coherent and logically complete form. These small elements can also be located next to the particles of "neither" and "neither". The rules governing such situations are quite understandable with a brief explanation of the essence:
- “not” is always separated from composing unions, but lends itself to merging in the field of a composite union “despite the fact ” (= though);
- “not” is written separately with all non-derivative prepositions, but in conjunction with “regardless of” or “despite” (= contrary);
- “not” is part of only one “really” particle; in other cases, the negative particle is written separately.