Canvas fabric is canvas. Her homeland is England. The fabric is heavy, very dense. It happens from pure flax or with the addition of some other impurities. Initially, it was used for tailoring sails, so its second name is canvas canvas.
Fabric application
The name of the fabric comes from the Dutch word pressening, which means "shell".
Canvas fabric is widely used in human activities. Awnings, tents, covers, backpacks, shelters for agricultural products, for various equipment are sewed from it. It is used for sewing covers for vehicles. It is widely used for the manufacture of special clothing, mittens and military products. It is still actively used to cover boats and protect ship elements. Also, sails are now made from tarpaulin.
During the First World War, this material became very popular. Canvas fabric, the composition of which ensured its low cost, made it possible to replace expensive and scarce skin at that time. Soldiers boots, belts, raincoats and mittens were made of material. When a torn hole appears, the product is very easily repaired. To do this, it was enough to impose a patch.
Fabric structure
Canvas fabric is made from cotton, jute or linen threads. Sometimes they are used in mixing. And sometimes 100% are threads of the same kind. Mostly, manufacturers use 50% cotton and 50% flax. Flax in its pure form without impurities is also used. The density of the fabric allows you to use it in various fields: construction, metallurgy, army, agriculture. Russian tarpaulin fabric, GOST of which 15530-93, most often has the articles 11252, 11292, 11211, 11255. To these numbers are added letter designations that show the type of impregnation. The density of the tissue ranges from 350 to 700 g / sq. m
They sell the material in rolls, the width of which is usually 90 cm. The main colors offered by the manufacturers are khaki, orange, straw, dark green.
Types of tarpaulin impregnation
The impregnation with which tarpaulin is treated gives it new properties. The fabric becomes refractory, waterproof or bio-resistant.
Designations of saturated fabrics (abbreviations for the first letters of words):
- SKPV is a light-resistant combined increased water resistance;
- PV - increased water resistance;
- SKOP is a light-resistant combined fire-resistant impregnation;
- OP - just fireproof impregnation;
- SKP - light-resistant combined (waterproof and bioresistant) impregnation.
Waterproof impregnation
If waterproof impregnation of SKPV or PV is used, the material acquires the ability to resist the penetration of water on one side. Canvas fabric, which acquires such properties, is indispensable in the manufacture of tents, awnings, shelters for vehicles, machinery and equipment. They also make special clothes that can protect against moisture. These are jackets, overalls, raincoats, suits, mittens.
The water resistance is measured by the amount of mm of water.
Such impregnation is applied to the tarpaulin of the following types: 100% linen, half linen (50% cotton, 50% linen) and half jute.
Products made of waterproof tarpaulin have an article in which there are letters PV and SKPV. For example, the article 11293 SKPV (semi-linen fabric with waterproof impregnation) is used for awnings and overalls.
Flame retardant impregnation
Fire resistance is an important property acquired by a tarpaulin after using a special tool. Canvas fabric with these characteristics is used in the metallurgical industry. From it sew clothes to welders, firefighters, metallurgists and people who have contact with flammable objects. The degree of fire resistance is determined by the ability to withstand high temperatures and is measured by the number of seconds for which the fabric does not melt and does not burn. Fire falling on a tarp immediately goes out.
This type of impregnation is suitable for half linen, jute and half jute tarps.
Products made of refractory material have an article in which there are letters OP. For example, 11292 OP is a semi-linen fabric with refractory impregnation. It is used for sewing workwear.
Biostable impregnation
These impregnations endow tarpaulin with antiseptic characteristics. This allows you to use it when creating formwork, foundations, in land work, in logging enterprises, in all those places where there are a large number of microorganisms. Such impregnation is used for jute and half-jute tarps.
Types of products from canvas
Canvas fabric is not only shelters, tents and overalls. Beautiful practical things for daily use are sewn from it.
For example, a canvas backpack is a very sturdy and modern accessory. It is often used by hunters and fishermen. It is not rubbed, it is easily erased, and the back is not hot when worn. Backpacks are sewn from waterproof fabric. For tourists and military offer a wide selection of bags of various sizes for every taste. The main goal is to conveniently place inventory, equipment, and things in a backpack. Therefore, such products are equipped with many different pockets and compartments.
Also from this fabric strong belts are obtained, which after decoration with rivets look very stylish. For dogs, collars and leashes are made of it.
Why are tents for the military still sewn from tarpaulin
It is obvious. The fabric has a number of positive properties:
- environmentally friendly material;
- water resistance can be 330 mm of water;
- perfectly protects from wind and cold;
- fabric can be used for a long time;
- resistant to low temperatures;
- well ventilated;
- does not absorb dust;
- dries quickly when wet;
- does not form static voltage;
- is a natural antiseptic;
- delays ultraviolet radiation ;
- resistant to fire;
- if the tarpaulin has caught fire, it does not emit toxic substances during combustion;
- able to attenuate radiation from a computer, TV and radio by half;
- does not stretch or deform;
- when folding does not take up much space.
For the same reason, tarpaulins are used for the manufacture of tents for trucks, where the military is transported. Material that is used for such purposes is checked and approved by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. It should be high quality canvas fabric. The photos below show several options for tents for the military.
Now tarp is not used as often as before. New developments, synthetic fabrics, film, plastic and other materials came to replace.
At the same time, it’s too early to say goodbye to him. There are many niches where the tarp used is still indispensable because of its high quality and relatively low cost. Until now, it is actively produced by numerous factories in Russia and the world.