Quite often in recent times there have been situations where it can be noted that equipment, the production of which ended several decades ago, is still actively used in various areas of the national economy. A vivid example is the EO-3322 excavator, the technical characteristics, cost, features and capabilities of which we will examine in the most detail in the article. Certainly, attention will be paid to the field of operation of the machine.
general information
The EO-3322 excavator is a powerful full-swing excavating unit with one bucket, which is controlled by a hydraulic drive. This specialized unit of equipment is endowed with a clear, different silhouette from the others - an arrow is available, the engine is located behind the cab, all the running wheels are completely equal in size to each other. The machine has proven itself so well in practice that its operation continues to this day, even despite the fact that its production was finally completed more than 15 years ago.
Historical reference
Excavator EO-3322 is the very first excavator in the USSR, which was equipped with servo hydraulic drive systems. The design of the machine was so thought out and effective that its cost was significantly reduced. In parallel with this, the developers were able to establish a very high level of production of the unit.
Initially, the EO-3322 excavator was produced at the Leningrad Excavator Plant from 1970 to 1987. However, starting from the same 1970, the car went off the assembly line and Kalinin excavator plant. Moreover, the last copy came off the assembly line in 2001.
In 1978, EO-3322 received the All-Union Quality Mark. And three years later, when the fifty-thousandth excavator of the described model was released, the Kalinin Plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor by the decision of the country's leadership.
It is worth noting that the excavators produced by these two plants are still slightly different from each other. On Leningrad cars, the inscription “LEZ EO-3322” was cast on the back of the counterweight, while on Kalinin cars there was nothing like that.
Areas of use
The characteristics of the EO-3322 excavator allow it to be fully exploited in the temperature range from - 40 to + 40 degrees Celsius. At the same time, the machine can work on rocks (however, they must first be loosened), on moist soils, clay and loose terrain. Thanks to all this, the unit effectively fulfills its functions in the process of digging pits, performing utility repairs, drilling wells, and carrying out land reclamation works. The excavator does an excellent job of crushing stones using a powerful hydraulic hammer, and can also help in laying concrete slabs.
Features
The excavator on the EO-3322 airway has a significant structural nuance, due to which hydraulic equipment and the driver's cab can freely rotate around its own axis mounted on the platform, and this, in turn, minimizes the number of manipulations during loading and unloading. Ultimately, all this allows the operator to have an optimal overview and expands the list of work performed, as well as the productivity of the machine. It is also important that the EO-3322 easily overcomes slopes with an indicator of 20 degrees.
We cannot ignore the fact that the machine uses a hydraulic drive not only to actuate the working body, but also for its own movement in space.
Equipment
EO-3322 as standard equipped with a bucket with a volume of 0.5 cubic meters, which is securely fixed to the backhoe. Also, the machine is easily combined with various cultivators for soil treatment, a hydraulic hammer, a five-jaw bucket or a two-jaw grab.
Design
The EO-3322 excavator, whose weight is 14 tons, is made of the following main components and parts:
- Swivel platform.
- Pneumatic undercarriage.
- Hydraulic systems.
- Pneumatic control system.
- Working equipment.
- Electrical components.
The pneumatic-type undercarriage is made on two bridges and provides the machine with a travel speed of up to 20 km / h. The front axle is steered, the rear axle is equipped with dual tires and is rigidly attached to the frame without the use of springs.
The bridges are driven by a low-torque hydraulic motor coupled to the gearbox. During the performance of work with soil, the excavator uses folding elements and a dump support as its own support.
The turntable is mounted on a slewing ring located on the chassis. On the platform is a diesel engine, a fuel tank, a cabin, a ventilation and heating system, hydraulic equipment and an electrical system, a counter-load.
Only numbers
The EO-3322 excavator has the following main parameters:
- Length - 8350 mm.
- Width - 2700 mm.
- Height - 3140 mm.
- The rotation of the turntable is 9 rpm.
- The maximum possible speed is 19.68 km / h.
- The power of the power plant is from 75 to 100 horsepower, depending on the modification of the car.
- Diesel fuel consumption –12.54 liters per hour.
- The volume of the hydraulic system is 285 liters.
- Pump power - 51.5 kW.
- The voltage of the electrical system is 12 V.
- Digging depth - up to 6 meters.
- Unloading height - 5.63 meters.
Motor, brakes and gearbox
EO-3322 is equipped with a four-cylinder, four-contact liquid-cooled diesel engine, manufactured either in Kharkov SMD-14 (power 75 hp) or in Belgorod SMD-17N (power 100 hp).
In general, the parameters of these motors are as follows:
- Volume - 6.3 liters.
- The cylinder diameter is 120 mm.
- The piston stroke is 140 mm.
- Stable speed at minimum - no higher than 600 rpm.
- The maximum idle speed is up to 1950 rpm.
Starting the power plant provides an electric starter 561.3708.
The excavator’s gearbox serves to transmit torque directly to the wheels, as well as to turn off and on the front axle, to prevent unauthorized movement of the machine, which can lead to an accident and even tragedy. The parking brake is constantly closed, controlled by pneumatics from the driver's cab.
Both axles of the unit are equipped with pneumatic block brakes that reliably hold the equipment in a stationary state at the command of the driver.
Be sure to indicate that towing the EO-3322 with a tractor should be carried out with the gearbox set to neutral. This is done to avoid failure of the checkpoint.
Reviews
The EO-3322 excavator, the price of which, depending on the year of manufacture, can range from 150 to 400 thousand Russian rubles, is itself a highly reliable, durable and easy to maintain special machine. According to users of this equipment, the excavator practically does not cause any significant trouble, and of the most frequent breakdowns, wear of rubber seals in the hydraulic system and high-pressure hoses is noted. In addition, since the rear axle is rigidly attached to the frame and is not capable of damping during the ride, it is categorically not recommended to accelerate an excavator of more than 20 km / h.
But what the EO-3322 really can’t boast of is the driver’s cab. Yes, 40 years ago it was modern, but today this “birdhouse” offers the operator truly Spartan conditions.