What determines the spelling of unstressed endings of verbs? Only from their belonging to the first or second conjugation.
Defining conjugation is easy. There are only two of them. This can be done in many ways.
If the verb has the ending in a strong position (under stress), then conjugation is easy to determine “by ear”. You just need to remember that the first includes all verbs that have the letters “u” or “u” in the third person at the end, and the second - those that have the letters “a” or “I”
Example:
Sitting - they are sitting, lying - they are lying, standing - they are standing, screaming - they are screaming. This is the second conjugation.
To write - they write, to draw - they paint. This is the first conjugation.
If the personal endings of verbs do not fall under the stress, then you will have to follow the rule. I will present it not as in the textbooks, but somewhat shorter.
• So, the second conjugation will include all those verbs that end in the infinitive with “-it” (or “-it”), and 11 exceptions that will have to be learned by heart. I was taught in rhyme in elementary school:
Drive, hold, watch and see
Breathe, hear, hate
And offend, and endure, and depend, and twirl.
You will remember, friends: they cannot be written on-th!
The words “shave” and “lay” do not belong to this conjugation: they change according to type 1 conjugation: shave, shave, shave. To lay - to lay - to lay.
• If the personal endings of the verbs contain at the end any other vowel (except for “and”), then they are included in the category relating to the first conjugation.
Let's try to understand in practice.
Words are given: write, fly, draw, download, sit, wear. Since the personal endings of verbs are in a strong position (under stress), we put them in the plural. They write - 1 spr., Fly - 1 spr., Draw - 1 spr., Download - 1 spr., Sit - 2 spr., Wear - 2 spr.
Let's try to determine the conjugation of other verbs: draw, serve, paint, wear, cry, shave. Immediately pay attention to the verb "shave." This is an exception to 2 conjugations; its endings will be similar to 1 conjugation: shaving, shaving, shaving.
Unstressed personal endings of the verbs “draw”, “serve” and “cry” end with “-at” and, therefore, refer to the first conjugation. The verbs “paint” and “wear” end in “-it”. They do not belong to exceptions, therefore - the second conjugation.
In our language there are verbs whose endings may contain different vowels. They are considered controversial. From the name it can be concluded that the personal endings of verbs of this kind will be different: part - as in the first conjugation, another - as in the second.
Examples: want - want, want, but want, want.
Squeamish - squeamish, but squeamish.
Run - run, but run.
The verb "torment" is very interesting. In Russian, it can refer to both the first (torment - torment - torment) and the second conjugation: torment - torment - torment).
It is difficult to determine the conjugation of verbs with the prefix you-. To facilitate the task, this part of the word simply needs to be discarded.
Example. Get enough sleep - sleep (shock ending) - sleep - 2 conjugation.
Sometimes imperative verbs,
those in the second person are similar in sound to those in the indicative mood (for example, knock and knock). To correctly write or use the personal endings of verbs in this case, we first determine the mood. The first verb is in the imperative, the second - in the indicative. In the imperative, the suffix -i is written, and the end of the verb in the indicative mood depends on conjugation. We define it: knock - knock - ut - 1 conjugation.
As you can see, there are few difficulties in choosing the right endings. It is only necessary to properly learn the rule, use the algorithm. If you train, then very soon you will begin to write competently, without hesitation.