Our country is characterized by a situation where a fairly large part of the population
works on the ground. Therefore, farming also plays a rather important role in the Russian economy and the life of the population. Families who are considering how to become a farmer The state has been actively supporting over the past few decades. Peasant labor is currently welcome. Anyone can solve the problem of how to become a farmer from scratch if he wants and loves to work on the land. But you need to figure out exactly how to open a farm so that the business is conducted efficiently.
Is it profitable to be a farmer?
Adopted back in 1997, the Federal Law was the impetus for the development of farming in the Russian Federation. It was preceded by the Federal Program, which also dealt with such a direction as the development of agriculture in Russia. Thanks to the existence of such developments, the relevant departments were able to develop a number of programs aimed at the full support of entrepreneurs who are ready to start their own business in this direction. American farmer for example, will act differently.
We have fully created the conditions for the formation of young peasant farms, there are systems of preferential taxation and credit. The state takes an active interest in ensuring that the subsidiary farm moves to the level of a farming organization.
Most often, one family covers their needs with the help of small personal plots, its members do not think about how to become a farmer. But quite often it also happens that it is on the basis of personal plots that whole farms grow. Within the framework of one agricultural enterprise, persons who are not members of the same family may unite. It is enough to conclude an appropriate type of agreement related to joint activities. Any American farmer can do that too.
Where to start the business itself?
The scope of the future enterprise is the first issue that must be resolved from the very beginning. Peasant farms engaged in work in several directions at once work most stably, as practice shows. But serious enough investment is required in order to open such an enterprise from scratch. So, for beginners, they are still advised to dwell on one thing first.
For example, those who are considering how to become a farmer, can buy an apiary, do horse breeding, raise cattle, grow vegetables and fruits, raise geese, chickens or ducks. When the level of solvency rises, you can already switch your attention to other areas, expand your own organization.
About available features
A family of two to three people is quite capable of organizing peasant farming on a small scale. In 2003, a separate law was passed, thanks to which the development of agriculture in Russia received a new impetus. Persons with citizenship of the Russian Federation who have reached the age of majority have the full right to receive their own land allotment. True, in order to start a farming business, you need to get a specialized education or have at least a little work experience. To organize the economy, land can be acquired or leased by agreement.
What documents to submit, where to apply?
Self-government bodies are usually involved in the allocation of land. Local residents most often have certain advantages for obtaining land. But even in this case, there is no need to despair if a person is already interested in how to become a farmer. Such a desire is always welcome.
It is required to submit a whole package of documents to the local registration authorities for the peasant farms to be officially registered.
1. A receipt for the payment of state duty is required.
2. A copy of the marriage certificate is required.
3. To confirm that the future farmer is a native of the area where the farm is planned to be opened, a copy of the birth certificate will be required.
4. The organizer of the business confirms his identity with a photocopy of the relevant document.
5. If there are several participants in the farm, they must conclude an agreement on joint activities and certify it.
6. The head of the farm separately fills out and certifies the application for registration, for this form P21002 is used.
Only if all of the above steps are completed completely, a person will not only decide how to become a farmer from scratch, but will also become a contender for participation in state programs responsible for additional financing of such farms.
What about the initial investment?
After the collective farms broke up, many lands in the villages were empty. So the government is interested in active work in this area. Abandoned areas where infrastructure is to be restored will be the best choice. Such a site definitely requires less investment than the creation of a new enterprise from scratch completely.
In this case, pay attention to the ground near traffic intersections, settlements. True, the environmental component of the land, where the plot is acquired, also becomes an important point. What does it take to become a farmer? To study the cost of plots in the area of interest. Depending on the degree of desolation and location, it can range from 50 to 500 thousand per hectare.
What's next?
The number of livestock, poultry is the next problem that confronts the head of any farm. 500-800 goals - the minimum that is recommended by all experts to start with. In the direction of crop production, it is necessary to carry out a calculation depending on the available site for the number of required crops.
In agriculture, it is imperative to use modern technologies in order to increase productivity, and making profit takes less time. Appropriate equipment will be required in rooms where animals and birds are kept. In addition, additional costs will be required so that animals are vaccinated on time. The feeding conditions must also be observed in full. Investments in equipment that is used for cultivating the land become necessary.
Where can I get support?
Any novice farmer can contact the relevant credit organizations. A program for such assistance exists in almost every bank. It is easy enough to find a list of organizations participating in federal programs for the development of peasant farms and their support.
It is important to present a business plan that will be correctly drawn up and a description of the funds that are already available. If a positive decision is made, then there is a big chance for up to five years to get a loan under the preferential program. Payments will only begin one year after the receipt of the amount, and interest rates will be reduced.
What is important to know when purchasing equipment?
If the farm is livestock, then, as mentioned earlier, not only food, but also the purchase of appropriate equipment for keeping animals will become a rather expensive expense item. Costs can go up to two to three million rubles per year if the farm is large enough. You have to ask your neighbors farmers to find organizations that sell necessary equipment.
An important fact: Russian farmers can spend up to several months on the purchase. After all, after the equipment has been purchased, it will still be necessary to correctly install and arrange it. In addition, do not forget about the layout of the room. After all, every farmer has at his disposal a variety of types of areas. Be sure to resolve the issue with cages for birds and pens for animals. Devices for cleaning manure and garbage, feeders are installed here.
About some requirements
At any time of the year, the temperature inside the room where animals are kept should remain at an acceptable level. If it is a cold period, then the permissible minimum of 17 degrees should not be lowered. The gas heating system is becoming an excellent assistant to solve this problem. Although other solutions are available on the market to create a comfortable microclimate and maintain it.
Animal productivity is reduced if drafts are present, egg production is particularly affected. However, do not forget about airing. It should be regular. Even lighting is also required.
Conclusion
Farming in Russia is attractive because there are a lot of directions in this field of activity. So everyone can choose for themselves what interests him the most, meets his interests. That is why more and more entrepreneurs are paying attention to this area.
In addition, it is a cost-effective and profitable business plan.
Of course, you cannot do without certain initial investments, but almost any business requires them. Each type of activity has its own characteristics and requirements, even at the initial stage of work. There is always the opportunity to save money, if at least part of the workflows is done independently, this is not at all difficult. Indeed, a lot of costs are associated with the payment of wages. At least from the very beginning, this approach will allow you to collect more income. And then gradually it will be possible to develop further.
The main thing is to choose a direction only after a thorough analysis of the market, which will make it possible to figure out which products are in greater demand.