For all persons accepted for production, including those seconded to this organization from outside organizations or performing certain work at one of the sites, for all persons involved in production, there is an established Procedure for conducting labor protection briefings. First you need to undergo an introductory briefing, which is carried out by a specialist or employee authorized for this activity by a special order of the employer.
Briefing and training
At each enterprise, a commission must constantly operate, headed by a general director, production manager or chief engineer. It will be she who will comply with the Procedure for conducting labor safety briefings. When the introductory briefing is over, a protocol is compiled. The rules for admission to the work of newly adopted employees are in force, which prescribe the mandatory training. Responsible for this are usually the heads of departments or workshops.
If the commission instructs all employees on a schedule once a year, this is called training. The training has completely different standards than it fundamentally differs from the Procedure for conducting labor protection briefings. In addition, training is carried out arbitrarily at the personal discretion of the production manager, and coaching is required. Absolutely all employees of the organization must undergo it, for this in 2003 the Ministry established the procedure for conducting labor safety briefings.
Introductory briefing
Persons for whom induction training is required are listed in this document. First of all, the Procedure for conducting an introductory briefing on labor protection concerns those who are first entering this work, as well as people who have been sent to this organization. Workers of extraneous organizations who carry out certain works on a site allocated for this are surely instructed.
If students undergo practical training at the production site, they must undergo introductory training before starting work. In principle, the Procedure for conducting an introductory briefing on labor protection provides for the coverage of all persons who in any way relate to production activities. An introductory briefing is carried out by a specialist or employee who is authorized by a special order of the employer to fulfill these obligations (clause 2.1.2 of the Procedure).
Venue and duration
Introductory briefing is carried out directly in the office reserved for the labor protection service, some enterprises have other specially designed premises where visual aids or other, more modern means for training are used. For this, there is GOST 120004-90 (according to clause 7.1.3 of the Procedure). Visual aids and other special teaching aids should be in line with the direction of the given production.
The procedure for conducting labor safety briefings at the enterprise prescribes the duration of classes, which is specially developed based on legislative standards adopted in the Russian Federation. This should take into account the specifics of the organization. The duration of classes must be approved by order (clause 2.1.2 of the Procedure). There will not be given a unified form for this order, because depending on the activities of the enterprise it is drawn up in any form.
Questions
To draw up introductory briefing programs, you need to apply the questions listed in the sample List (Appendix 3, GOST 120009-90). In a program that uses the Procedure for conducting initial briefings on labor protection, the main issues will be as follows:
- Information about the enterprise or organization and the features of this production.
- Labor protection legislation - the main provisions. Here: information about the employment contract, designation of time for rest and work, instructions for the protection of labor of minors and women, information on compensations and benefits. All about the internal labor regulations in the organization or at the enterprise, information about liability in case of violation of the rules. Everything about the organization of work of this enterprise, with regard to labor protection. On state and departmental supervision, on public control regarding the state of labor protection at this enterprise.
- General behavioral rules for all employees in the territory of a given enterprise or organization, in all auxiliary and production premises. Information about the location of services, workshops and auxiliary premises.
Production factors
In induction programs, questions are always the first to deal with hazardous production factors that could be harmful. This is to ensure that the means and methods of preventing occupational diseases and accidents are most fully covered. These are posters, warning signs, collective protective equipment, alarms and the like. Requirements for the prevention of electrical injuries are necessarily included in the program.
The procedure for conducting labor safety briefings in the Republic of Belarus (Republic of Belarus) is practically no different from that adopted in Russia; in other CIS countries, the rules have undergone many changes. This primarily relates to the requirements of personal hygiene and industrial sanitation. The following details the issues of personal protective equipment (PPE), the procedure and standards for their issuance and timing of wear.
Emergency Response
In induction training programs, there are always questions regarding the circumstances and causes of the most typical accidents, accidents, fires that occurred at this enterprise or similar plants, because safety requirements were violated. You must know how to investigate occupational diseases and accidents and how they are made out.
The issue of fire safety must be present. Knowledge about the methods and means of preventing explosions, fires, accidents should be the most voluminous. Especially about the actions of personnel in the event of an emergency: about first aid to the injured, about the obligations of everyone in case of danger in the workshop or on the site.
Primary briefing
The procedure for the initial briefing on labor protection is established by law (clause 2.1.4 of the Procedure). Persons obliged to undergo it include, first of all, all those who are hired by an employment contract, even if it is concluded for a period of less than two months or during seasonal work, this also applies to part-time workers, homeworkers who use materials, tools or mechanisms from the employer or purchased independently.
Initial briefing must be carried out by employees transferred from another site or from another unit, the same rule also applies when a new job is assigned to an employee. Initial briefing is being carried out on business trips from other organizations, as well as students aimed at practical training. Such a briefing is required to pass all those involved in production activities.
Ways
For the initial briefing to employees before starting their independent activity, you can use the individual method or instruct a group of people who will perform the same work on the same equipment. Usually instructs the immediate supervisor of the site or workshop. There must necessarily be accompaniment with practical demonstrations of safe labor practices.
Those employees who will not be involved in the maintenance, operation, commissioning, testing, repair of equipment who will not use electrified tools, store and use certain materials or raw materials are exempted from initial instruction by special order. This is reflected in clause 2.1.4 of the Procedure. However, the employer must initially approve the list of positions and professions of employees who will be exempted from the initial briefing. So, a special procedure is used for conducting safety briefings at school. The program issues there concern not so much equipment as the protection of the life and health of children.
Program
The head of this structural unit works with the primary briefing program, after which it is agreed with specialists: either the chief of labor protection, or the employee who is authorized to do this according to the order of the employer. The program should reflect legislative norms, take into account the specifics of production and this structural unit, the basis should be the Labor Safety Manual and technical and operational documentation.
Questions on the initial briefing program are given in the List (Appendix 5, GOST 120004-90). First of all, information should be given about the equipment that is used at this workplace, about the technological process taking place in the workshop or on the production site. It should be shown how to organize and maintain a workplace safely. Pay special attention to the hazardous areas of the device, mechanism or machine, to safety equipment - brake devices, safety guards, alarm and interlock systems, warning signs. After the briefing, you need to conduct an oral examination regarding skills and knowledge about safe working practices. Persons who have not acquired knowledge are not allowed to work.
Re-briefing
The procedure for conducting a second briefing on labor protection is approved by law (clause 2.1.5 of the Procedure). Such a briefing is conducted once every six months for all employees who have passed the initial briefing. It is carried out by the direct supervisor of the work. After passing and verifying, an entry is made in a special journal, where the passage of instruction is recorded - under the signatures of those who passed it and those who took it. Also, many enterprises make an entry in the employee’s personal card.
In addition to the introductory, initial and repeated briefing, there are other types of it, and the Procedure for conducting labor safety briefings can be unscheduled and targeted. An unscheduled one is carried out when new legislative acts come into force or the requirements for the content of labor protection are changed, when the instructions are changed. Also, the implementation of the Procedure for conducting unscheduled instructions on labor protection is necessary if technological processes are changed, equipment and devices, tools and other factors that can affect safety are replaced or modernized.
Other cases
If employees have violated labor protection requirements, creating a real threat of serious consequences (accident, fire, explosion, industrial accident, etc.), unscheduled briefing is necessary. If, after checking the enterprise by the state supervision and control bodies, non-compliance with labor protection requirements is discovered, officials are obliged to conduct unscheduled briefings with all employees.
It is carried out individually or by groups of employees whose activities are identical. The volume of the briefing and its contents will be determined by each specific case, depending on what reason and what circumstances forced it to conduct unscheduled briefing with the employees. Usually it is conducted by the head of the unit, the master or the manufacturer of the work.
Target briefing
The procedure for conducting targeted training on labor protection is special. Such briefing is performed during one-time work, when the consequences of accidents or natural disasters are eliminated. Also before works for which permission, admission or any other special documents are required. Targeted briefing is required before any mass events are held in the organization.
Targeted briefings are carried out by the persons responsible for carrying out the indicated work, issuing an assignment for this (the person giving the permit). After that, the work manager conducts targeted briefing for members of his team. Oral verification of knowledge after the training is required. All types of briefings are always recorded in the relevant documents - a special journal, and in cases of targeted briefing - in the work permit. Signatures of the instructing and instructed, date of carrying out are also obligatory.
Tolerance and Inadmissibility
Verbal testing can reveal unsatisfactory knowledge and safe working methods. Such people are not allowed to work independently until they are instructed again. For removal from work, an appropriate order must be issued indicating the reason for not admitting to work. And for the publication of such an order, a memorandum is required from the person who conducted the briefing.
Until the employee is allowed to work independently, wages are not accrued to him. After receiving a positive assessment of the acquired skills and knowledge, the instructor again writes a memorandum, and the head issues an order for admission to independent work. All these provisions are reflected in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.