What are simple sentences, every student knows. But, unfortunately, it is not always easy to distinguish them from offers of another kind - complex ones. Consider aspects of this issue in more detail. Let us explain the features and structure of the proposals of both types.
Collocations
A sentence is called one of the syntactic units of a language. In order to make it clearer, we give an example. In phonetics, the unit will be sound, in vocabulary - the word, in morphology - part of speech, and in syntax, as a rule, phrases and sentences are distinguished. It is them that this science is studying.
A phrase is used to call two or more words that are not only combined with each other in meaning, but also have a grammatical connection (examples: best friend, come home, run away).
It is customary to distinguish two types of their type:
- verbs that consist of a verb and a dependent word (leave school);
- personalized, consisting of a noun, adjective or numeral and dependent words (fashionable dress, four friends).
Phrases are part of the sentences, distributing them. It is with their study that the syntax course begins at school. But what are simple sentences, we learn further.
Simple
It is worth remembering that the subject and predicate cannot be called a phrase. Such designs are already considered a simple proposal (Winter came. Mom left).
Of course, such units are not common. Usually they are distributed by various secondary members (Good friends will always help us in any trouble). In this sentence, in addition to the grammatical basis, definitions (good, any), circumstances (always), additions (to us, in trouble) are also highlighted.
Many students often confuse which sentence is simple. Especially if it contains various types of complications:
- Turnovers: The sun, warming the ground, comes out from behind the clouds (a separate circumstance).
- Plug-in constructions: I will definitely try (even at night) to add term paper.
- Appeal to a person: Maria Ivanovna, go to my office.
At first glance, it may seem that the structures in this case are complex. In order not to get confused about what simple sentences are, you need to remember: they always have only one grammatical basis. No complications can affect this.
Some sentences may contain either only the subject or the predicate only. Then they are called one-component, but nonetheless also simple.
Difficult
These designs, unlike the previous ones, have not one basis, but several. Depending on how parts of a complex sentence relate to each other, they are divided into three types.
- If the two syntactic units are combined by creative unions, such sentences are called compound: Aquarium fish require careful care, but it is not difficult for a knowledgeable person to do this (“but” union).
- Designs, when one part depends on another and adjoins it with the help of subordinate unions, are called complex subordinates: It is necessary to study diligently in order to obtain a worthy profession (“to” union).
- In the case when a proposal combines two simple means without the help of any means, it is defined as a union-free one: the long-awaited spring has arrived, the day has become longer.
All this terminology is quite easily perceived by students. The lesson "Simple and complex sentences" is included in the primary school curriculum. Then, throughout the entire course of study, this knowledge is consolidated and expanded.
Conclusion
The most important thing to understand for yourself in determining the type of sentences is the ability to correctly identify the grammatical basis. Only then can we judge its type.
We learned what simple sentences are. They have only one character, and, accordingly, only a single grammatical basis. Complex is inherent to have several predicates.
Be careful: do not confuse phrases with simple sentences!