Environmental protection at the enterprise is characterized by a set of measures taken that are aimed at preventing the negative impact of human activities of the enterprise on the surrounding nature, which ensures favorable and safe conditions for human life. Given the rapid development of scientific and technological progress, mankind faced the difficult task of protecting the most important components of the environment (earth, water, air), which are subject to severe pollution by industrial waste and emissions, which leads to soil and water oxidation, destruction of the earth’s ozone layer and climate change . The industrial policy of the whole world has led to such irreversible and significant changes in the environment that this issue (environmental protection at the enterprise) has become a global problem and has forced the state apparatus to develop a long-term environmental policy to create domestic control over the MPE.
The main conditions for improving the environment in the country are: rational use, conservation and waste of natural reserves, ensuring environmental safety and anti-radiation measures, increasing and shaping environmental thinking among the population, as well as environmental control in industry. Environmental protection at the enterprise has identified a number of measures to reduce the level of pollution produced by enterprises:
- Identification, assessment, continuous monitoring and limitation of the emission of harmful elements into the atmosphere, as well as the creation of technologies and equipment that protect and preserve nature and its resources.
- Development of legal laws aimed at protecting environmental measures and material incentives for fulfilled requirements and prevention of a range of environmental protection measures.
- Prevention of the ecological situation through the allocation of specially designated territories (zones).
In addition to the environmental safety of the facility (environmental protection at the enterprise), life safety (BZD) at the enterprise is no less important. This concept includes a set of organizational enterprises and technical means to prevent the negative impact of production factors on a person. To begin with, all employees of the enterprise take a safety course, which is instructed by the immediate boss or labor protection worker. In addition to simple safety measures, workers must also comply with a number of rules on the technical requirements and standards of the enterprise, as well as maintain sanitary and hygienic standards and the microclimate in the workplace.
All norms and rules of environmental and working safety must be defined and recorded in a specific document. The environmental passport of an enterprise is a comprehensive statistics of data showing the degree to which the enterprise uses natural resources and its level of contamination of adjacent territories. The environmental passport of the enterprise is developed at the expense of the company after agreement with the relevant authorized body and is subject to constant adjustment in connection with re-profiling, changes in technology, equipment, materials, etc.
In order to compile an enterprise passport correctly and to avoid fraud, a special environmental control service conducts monitoring of the content of harmful substances in the surrounding nature of the enterprise. Employees of the service participate in filling out and filling out all columns of the environmental passport, taking into account the total impact of harmful emissions into the environment. In this case, allowable concentration levels of harmful substances in the territories adjacent to the enterprise, air, surface layers of the soil and water bodies are taken into account.