Table "Three forms of the verb in English." Verbs correct and irregular

English is an exception language, where when learning a new grammar rule, students come across a dozen but, under which this rule does not apply. One of these rules is the use of irregular verbs in the past tense. For many learners of English, this topic is a real nightmare. But without them it’s impossible, because such are the realities of English! However, there is good news - modern English is gradually getting rid of irregular verbs, replacing them with regular ones. Why and how - consider in the article.

Why are English verbs irregular?

The difficulty in using irregular verbs is experienced not only by foreigners, but also by the speakers themselves. Nevertheless, for English philologists, the non-standard nature of this part of speech is not a flaw, but a reason for pride. They believe that irregular verbs are a cultural monument that perpetuated the history of the English language. The explanation of this fact is the Germanic roots of the origin of irregular verbs, which makes British English a traditional version of the language. For comparison, the Americans are trying with might and main to get rid of the irregular shape, remaking it in the correct one. Therefore, the list of non-standard verbs is increasing for those who learn both variants of the language. Thus, the wrong version is ancient, which is reflected in prose and poetry.

How many forms does a verb have in English?

Speaking of verbs in English, it should be noted that they have 3 forms:

• infinitive, it is the initial form of the verb ;
• Past Participle I, or Participle I, - this form is used in the simple past tense (Past Simple) and in the 2nd and 3rd cases of conditional mood (Conditional of the 2-d and of the 3-d case);
• Past Participle II, or Participle II, for simple perfect tense (Present Perfect), long past tense (Past Perfect), passive voice (Passive Voice) and conditional inclination of the 3rd case (Conditional of the 3-d case).

The table "Three forms of the verb in English" is presented later in the article.

What are regular and irregular verbs? Education Rules

Regular verbs are those in which the past form (Past Simple) and the participle form II (Participle II) are formed by adding the ending -ed to the initial form. The table "Three forms of the verb in English. Regular verbs" will help to better understand this rule.

I workED	I helpED
You workED	You helpED
He workED	He helpEd (He helped)
She workED	She helpED
It workED	It helpED
We workED	WE helpED (We helped)
They workED	They helpED

In the formation of the forms of Participle I and Participle II, there are some features:

• if the verb ends with the letter -e, then adding -ed does not double it;
• the consonant in monosyllabic verbs is added when adding the -ed ending . Example: stop - stopped (stop - stopped);
• if the verb ends with the letter -y with the preceding consonant, then y changes to i before adding -ed.

Irregular are called verbs that do not obey the general rule in the formation of temporary forms. In English, these include verbs of the past simple tense (Past Simple) and Participle II (Participle II).

Irregular verbs are formed using:

• ablauta, in which the root changes. Example: swim - swam - swum (swim - swam - swam);

• the use of suffixes other than those accepted in the grammar of the language. Example: do - did - done (do - did - do);

• identical, or unchanged form. Example: cut - cut - cut (cut - cut - cut).

Due to the fact that each irregular verb has its own form of change, they should be learned by heart.

There are 218 irregular verbs in English, of which approximately 195 are in active use.

Recent studies in the field of language show that rare verbs gradually disappear from the language due to the replacement of the 2nd and 3rd forms with the forms of the regular verb, that is, adding the ending - ed. This fact is confirmed by the table “Three forms of the verb in the English language” - the table presents a number of verbs that have both regular and irregular forms.

table of irregular verbs

The table “Three forms of irregular verbs in English” includes the most commonly used verbs. The table presents 3 forms and translation.

Irregular verbs came into modern English from Old English, which was spoken by the Angles and Saxons - British tribes.

Irregular verbs came from the so-called strong verbs, each of which had its own type of conjugation.

Researchers at Harvard found that most of the verbs used are irregular, and they will remain so, as they are used more often than others.

In the history of the English language there is also such a phenomenon when the correct verb became irregular. For example, sneak having 2 forms - sneaked and snuck.

Problems with verbs are not only for learners of English, but also for native speakers, since even they get into awkward situations when it comes to this difficult part of speech.

One of them is Jennifer Garner, who all her life was sure that the verb sneak is correct.

She corrected the lead of one of the programs in which the actress took part. With a dictionary in his hands, he pointed out to Jennifer her mistake.

Therefore, do not be upset if you make mistakes when using irregular verbs. The main thing is that they do not become systematic.

Regular verbs

The table "Three forms of regular verbs in English with transcription and translation" is based on the most commonly used verbs.

Transfer	Verb	Reading	Past Participle I and II
to ask	ask	ask	asked
reply	answer	anse	answered
allow	allow	elau	allowed
agree	agree	egry	agreed
borrow	borrow	borough	borrowed
believe	believe	belive	believed
copy, rewrite	copy	save	copied
prepare	cook	cook	cooked
close	close	close	closed
change	change	changer	changed
carry	carry	Carrie	carried
call, call	call	count	called
discuss	discuss	discass	discussed
decide decide	decide	diside	decided
explain	explain	explane	explained
slide	slip	slip	slipped
cry	cry	edge	cried
finish, finish, finish	finish	finish	finished
to accept	admit	edmit	admitted
shine	glow	glo	glowed
rub	grate	great	grated
to grab	grip	flu	gripped
to help	help	help	helped
happen, happen	happen	happy	happened
to govern	handle	handle	handled
watch	look	bow	looked
live	live	liv	lived
listen	listen	list	listened
like	like	like	liked
move, move	move	mov	moved
to govern	manage	manage	managed
be necessary, need	need	nid	needed
open	open	open	opened
remember	remember	rememba	remembered
promise	promise	promis	promised
play	play	play	played
suggest	suggest	sajjest	suggested
study, study	study	herd	studied
stop, stop	stop	Stop	stopped
start off	start	stat	started
travel	travel	travel	travelled
speak	talk	good	talked
transfer	translate	transit	translated
try, try	try	tray	tried
use	use	yuz	used
worry	worry	Vorry	worried
walk, walk	walk	wolf	walked
watch	watch	watch	watched
to wait	wait	waite	waited
work	work	wok	worked

Examples of use of 3 forms of verbs with translation

Above, we examined 3 forms of verbs in English. A table with examples of use and translation will help to consolidate the topic.

Here, for each grammatical construction, two examples are given - one with the correct, the other with irregular verbs.

Grammatical design	English example	Transfer
Past simple	Peter worked yesterday. She felt bad last week.	Peter worked yesterday. She felt bad last week.
Present Perfect Tense	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?
Past Perfect Tense	I understood that I had used my last ticket. Helen noticed that she had forgotten her documents at home.	I realized that I used the last ticket. She realized that she had forgotten the documents at home.
Passive voice	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. A baby is sung a lullaby every night.	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. Every night the baby is sung a lullaby.
Conditional	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would have done it.	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would do it.

Exercises

For better memorization of irregular verbs, you need to not only learn them by heart and repeat, but also perform various exercises.

Exercise 1. Before you table "Three forms of the verb in the English language. Irregular verbs." Enter one of the three missing forms.

be		been	to be
have	had		own
do		done	do
	got	got	receive
make	made		create
	knew	known	know
find	found		to find
	taught	taught	teach
understand	understood		understand

Exercise 2. Before you table "Three forms of the verb in English. Regular verbs." Insert the forms Participle I and II.

ask	ask	asked, asked
borrow	to occupy
close	close
decide	solve
explain	explain
help	to help
start	start off
travel	travel
use	use
work	work

Exercise 3. Using the tables, translate the following sentences into English.

1. I was reading a book.
2. We saw them yesterday.
3. The Smiths lived in London until 2000. Then they moved to Manchester.
4. Alice was a university student in 2014.
5. They worked in the same company two years ago.
6. He just finished training.
7. When we were children, mother often took us to this park.
8. I drove a toy car in my childhood.

Exercise Answers

Exercise 1.

was / were

had

did

get

made

know

teach

understood

Exercise 2.

asked, borrowed, closed, decided, explained, helped, started, travelled, used, worked.

Exercise 3.

1. I read a book.
2. We saw them yesterday.
3. The Smiths lived in London till 2000. Then they moved to Manchester.
4. Alice was a student of Univercity in 2014.
5. They worked in the same company two years ago.
6. He has just finished training.
7. When we were children we were took for a walk to this park.
8. I drove a toy car in my childhood.

Take the habit of periodically repeating the main forms of the English verb. A table with irregular verbs, exercises and periodic repetitions will help you cope with the difficulties of the English language faster.