Every year more and more often we hear about serious accidents and disasters at enterprises. This poses a great threat not only to the environment, but also to human health. This is especially true for those who have to leave the zone of chemical infection. It is necessary to study in detail the possible dangers and know the rules of behavior in emergency situations.
What everyone needs to know
The zone of chemical pollution is the area within which toxic chemicals are common that pose a danger to the life of people, wild or farm animals and plants.
They are usually divided into several types:
- discomfort zone (the first signs of intoxication may appear in it, chronic diseases worsen);
- moderate infection (when the content of toxic gases reaches a certain indicator, it means that approximately fifty percent of the population will be affected by chemicals);
- deadly doses (OM concentration is so high that death is possible).
Actions of the population in the conditions of chemical infection
Responsibility for alerting local residents in case of emergency lies with the Civil Defense and Emergencies Ministry. The population must immediately and implicitly comply with all provided instructions. The main way to alert residents of the danger is radio or television broadcasting. Such an emergency message traditionally begins with the phrase: “ATTENTION TO ALL!”. Leaving the zone of chemical contamination, keep the radio on.
Often this short information is accompanied by the sound of alarm sirens and other loud signaling devices. In such situations, it is important to act immediately. Having heard the above signals, you must first put on respiratory protection, close all windows, windows, turn off the gas, electrical appliances and other household appliances. Protective equipment includes a gas mask. If it is absent, it is necessary to use gauze dressings or other improvised fabric products soaked in water.
It is necessary to leave the danger zone of chemical infection with a three-day supply of food and water. It is necessary to have important documents and a first-aid kit with you (it must include medicines that a person takes regularly in connection with chronic diseases, if any).
Further instructions
It is necessary to warn neighbors as quickly as possible and leave the living room without panic, moving towards a nearby hill. As already mentioned, leaving the zone of chemical contamination should be as soon as possible, moving in the other direction from the wind. Once you reach a hill, you must stay there until further instructions. What if there is no way to leave the premises located in the infection zone? In this case, you need to take refuge in it, while protecting it as much as possible. Window panes, doors, windows and large slots should be hermetically sealed.
When transmitting a distress radio signal, you should pay particular attention to which gas or chemical is a threat. If it is ammonia (a substance that is lighter than air), then it will fill the upper floors of buildings, if there is an emission of chlorine or hydrogen sulfide (heavier than air), then it should be expected that it will spread along the ground and penetrate into the basement. Depending on these factors, it is necessary to act.
Infection prevention measures
During evacuation, leaving the zone of chemical contamination should be quick, but you must not run so as not to raise toxic dust. It is contraindicated to lean against the walls, touch other contaminated objects. Under no circumstances should you take off your protective equipment. Once in a place safe from contamination, it is necessary first of all to completely change clothes, take a shower and rinse your mouth very carefully.
The population will be notified of the elimination of the danger or further necessary actions by authorized bodies or the police. It is important to remember that leaving the zone of chemical contamination should be correct, in accordance with safety instructions.