What should be considered the beginning of the construction of any house? No, not even the foundation, but a detailed project that will include all the nuances of the upcoming construction. But the foundation is the foundation that any builder should pay special attention to.
Any errors during its filling over time can easily lead to the fact that the house will become completely unsuitable for living. To exclude such unpleasant consequences will help reinforcing the base plate, the drawing of which must necessarily take into account your project.
It is the foundation that determines the uniformity of the load distribution on the house. To make it more and more reliable, for a long time, builders have been reinforcing the foundation slab. Contrary to popular belief, such a measure not only enhances the strength characteristics of the building, but also improves the foundation's resistance to extremely low temperatures and subsidence. Of course, that reinforcement should be carried out strictly observing all construction methods and carefully making all the necessary calculations. First you need to take care of choosing the most suitable materials for this purpose.
Most often, special reinforcement is used in the role of reinforcing elements, although the use of wire, channels or profile is allowed. However, the same wire is much more often used in the form of a special mesh, thanks to which the reinforcement of the base plate becomes easier. Typically, when building low-rise suburban houses, reinforcement is used, the diameter of which rarely exceeds even 4 mm.
The heavier the house, the larger the diameter of the reinforcing rods should be. For buildings on two floors, it is necessary to use reinforcement of at least 12 mm in diameter. The mistake of newcomers often lies in the fact that they buy scrap metal, hoping to reduce the cost of construction. This can be done only in the case of the construction of household blocks or baths, where the load on the foundation is not so significant.
Do not forget about the correct installation of reinforcing elements. First of all, the frame is made of reinforcement, and the distance between adjacent rods should not be more than one and a half meters. Each row additionally contains 3-4 rods.
It should be remembered that the scheme for reinforcing the foundation slab should assume that there should be at least 10 cm between the lower edge of the reinforcement and the foundation. Otherwise, the metal may begin to come into contact with the external environment, after which its destruction will become inevitable. That is why the connected frame of reinforcement is laid on a pillow of crushed stone or broken brick.
The distance between the reinforcing bars themselves must also be maintained as accurately as possible. It is not necessary to place them at a distance of more than 20 cm. For the reinforcement of the foundation slab to be as reliable as possible, under the frame and on it it is necessary to lay the metal mesh described above. Do not forget that a distance of 10 cm from the concrete surface must be maintained not only from below, but also from the sides, as well as from the upper surface of the foundation.
Thus, the reinforcement of the foundation slab should be performed during the construction of any house, since this measure will significantly increase its durability.