Cottage is a place of spiritual rest and peace. Here you distract from the bustle of the city, breathe fresh air, enjoy all the delights of country life. But this world is not without trouble, you need to fertilize the land, plant fruits and vegetables, get rid of parasites, and harvest. Now we will talk about what the Pear Century is - a description of the photo, reviews of gardeners will be presented in this article.
Grade
It was bred more than twenty years ago by crossing a Ukrainian pear and a variety number one hundred and forty-three. At the same time, the seeds of the Ukrainian pear were selected. This species is familiar to both experienced gardeners and beginners. What is the difference between the pear Century? Description, photos, reviews, we suggest you consider further in the article.
Specifications
She won the hearts of many gardeners. Century pear variety (reviews about it are mostly positive) refers to medium-sized trees. Winter hardiness indicators are relative. The first fruits can be tasted four years after planting. Collect them in the autumn.
Despite all the positive aspects that the Pear Century has, the reviews of gardeners include the following disadvantages:
- scab lesion;
- tick;
- bacterial burns.
But at the same time, it compares favorably with a very high annual productivity. The Pear Century, the description of the features of which is presented above, has the fruits of the correct form. They differ in that a third of the fruit is covered with a bright blush, and the main color is yellow.
From entrepreneurs, the pear variety Century-old reviews are also positive. The thing is that its fruits have a highly productive appearance, the mass of one fruit is approximately 150 g.
Pear Century (description, photo, reviews about it you can see in the article) has fruits in the context of white, very juicy, with a sweet and sour taste. Some fruits reach half a kilogram in weight.
The pear fruit is Vekovaya (the description of the variety would not be complete without these data) in autumn. Harvest peaks in mid-autumn.
Landing
The most important thing is to plant a tree correctly. Subject to all the rules listed below, the seedling will give the first fruits after four years. Pear Century, description, photo, reviews of which we briefly studied, is very picky in this matter. We offer you step-by-step instructions:
- Treat the plant so that it looks like a regular stick without branches and leaves. To do this, trim powerful thick roots by about ten centimeters, trim the top. The height of our planting material should be about eighty (plus / minus five) centimeters. Put the seedling for an hour in a bucket of water.
- After an hour has passed, we dig a hole, mix the soil with ash equally, dilute with water to the consistency of sour cream. The resulting composition is carefully treated plant roots.
- There is another feature of how the Century-old pear is planted. Reviews of gardeners say that the tree has taken root, it is necessary to prepare the bottom before the process. To begin with, loosen the earth as best as possible, send ten raw eggs there (no need to break them). After this, pour a mixture of ash and soil, and sprinkle with dry earth on top. Only after all actions we plant a tree, while not densifying the earth very much.
The pear variety Century (photos and description of the variety are already familiar to us) is very finicky. After planting a tree there will be a lot of trouble. Along the perimeter, lay a dozen more eggs, tie the trunk to a peg. Water the tree with plenty of water. For the sapling to winter well, the area of land around the trunk should be mulched with peat, sawdust or paper, some use needles and compost as well.
Season selection
Pear Century, the description, photos and planting rules of which we have already examined, also requires a choice of planting season. It is necessary to calculate the most favorable time. The main thing is for the tree to take root and adapt in order to survive the winter favorably.
Most often, gardeners prefer autumn and spring. Experienced craftsmen choose September - October, because it is then that you can choose a good, lively seedling. In the spring, weaker and less viable ones remain. But there are pluses, for example, during the summer and autumn, the tree will adapt and take root. A beginner inexperienced gardener should give preference to April. A more experienced one will have time to prepare the plant for wintering, so it will go to the nursery in August or September. The main thing is to have time to plant a pear before mid-October - before the first frosts.
Treatment
Century pear variety, like other varieties, requires care and care. Planting a tree is still very small; it is prone to many pests. So, you need to know how to treat it from parasites.
How will the Century Pear feel? The description of the variety confirms that it clearly does not cope with diseases. And we will give examples of salvation exclusively with biological materials, we will reveal the secrets of experienced gardeners.
So, according to their reviews, the most dangerous disease for a pear is moniliosis. Surely you noticed that the pear as soon as possible burned before your eyes, this is a monilious burn. They struggled with this problem for a very long time, more than five years, but the result was worth it. The best remedy at the moment is phytolavin. Note that the treatment should be carried out in early spring or autumn, in the evening.
Phytolavin
What is it? Phytolavin is an antibiotic of biological origin. Spraying with this drug must be carried out on a flowering tree, that is, in early spring. It is very important that this drug is not phytotoxic. The action is that it will inhibit the development of the fungus for about three weeks. Given that it is not toxic, the treatment is repeated after flowering. Bees pollinating a pear will not do any harm.
It can be noted that a moniliosis burn is more often received by young twigs. This occurs as a result of pest bites. Infection begins at the site of the bite, spreading the rot further down the branch. Given this fact, you can defeat the infection using a secateurs, just getting rid of the shoots affected by the fungus. If the rot has covered most of the tree, then it's time to take a saw in order to save the pear.
Recommendations
It was said above that the affected branches must be cut, and how to do this you will learn below.
In diseased branches, the bark blackens, it will be hard to see at first. It is necessary to practice, and further the detection of diseased shoots will not bring much trouble. In addition to being black, it is also slightly pressed inward. Trim should be about three centimeters below the rot. The remains must be disposed of, namely to burn them.
In order to have fewer problems, consider and follow the following rules:
- Treat the plant in early spring, during flowering.
- Repeat spraying after flowering.
- Mandatory prophylaxis against parasites takes place in late autumn, after the discharge of foliage.
Between treatments, it is necessary to additionally spray with tank mixtures. This must be done in order to prolong the action of phytolavin. It increases three times, or even more.
If you can’t afford such an expensive product financially, treat it with any available product containing biofungicide. It not only helps in pest control, but also promotes tree growth.
Other diseases
In addition to the above, there may be other problems:
- Black cancer.
- Fruit rot.
- Scab.
- Cytosporosis.
- Rust.
- Powdery Mildew
- Milky Shine.
All these diseases affect the quality of the product, and in addition, jeopardize the continued existence of the tree itself. We invite you to get to know each of them. The disease usually manifests itself in early spring. Green, delicate leaves are covered with an incomprehensible bloom, turn yellow and dry. These are the first manifestations of the disease. Next, consider the most dangerous of them.
Black cancer
In another way it is called anton fire. The defeat can be noticeable on the trunk, branches, leaves and fruits. It can be calculated by black spots, which over time begin to grow. In addition, small red spots appear around the lesion. If you do not fight this disease, then, according to observations, it is not possible to eat pears. Stains appear on the fruit, then the fruit dries and mummifies.
What to do? These ulcers are excised and burned, the resulting wounds are treated with special solutions for disinfection, for example, copper sulfate. For prevention, it is necessary to spray trees, be sure to burn foliage in the fall.
Fruit rot
Pear Vekova, whose photo has been repeatedly presented in this article, according to gardeners, is also subject to another danger. Now we will talk about fruit rot. Calculating it is not difficult even for a beginner - all fruits begin to rot. The peculiarity of the disease is that the fruits do not fall, but remain on the branches, spreading the infection.
It is worth removing all affected branches, fruits and be sure to burn them. For prevention, spray in the fall and spring, for example, with chlorine copper. The disease reaches its peak approximately in the middle of summer. But if you notice that the pear begins to rot, you should act immediately, do not wait for the height of the disease, otherwise it will be much harder to get rid of it.
Scab
This is a very dangerous and treacherous enemy of the pear. It is not difficult for gardeners to detect the disease - small spots appear on the leaves, over time they increase in size.
It is quite difficult to get rid of scab, especially if the trees are planted close to each other - this affects the ventilation. In addition, the disease affects the fruits themselves. They become stained, burst and coarse. Such fruit is subject to disposal; it will not go to the table.
For prevention, you need to spray the pear and the earth around it with a seven percent urea solution.
Cytosporosis
This disease has another name - stem rot. It is not difficult to guess that the problem can be detected on a tree trunk. The peculiarity of the disease, as gardeners say, is that all trees suffer from it, regardless of age. Sun and frost burns, drought and some other factors contribute to the appearance.
In this case, the color of the trunk changes its usual color to dark red, and gradually the tree begins to dry out. In this case, only a sharp knife will help. Damaged areas must be cut out and the cuts treated with copper sulfate. Do not delay with treatment, otherwise the pear will simply dry out. Prevention is that in spring you need to whitewash a tree trunk and get rid of dry branches in a timely manner.
Rust
Century Pear, reviews, photos and features of which are presented in the article, is also subject to this disease. It is found exclusively on foliage, and is reflected in the general condition of the tree.
Rust affects the leaves, while they turn orange and fall prematurely. This affects the immunity of the tree. To get rid of rust, gardeners are advised to remove all junipers in the garden - they are the carriers of the infection. Bad fruits and leaves must be disposed of.
For prevention twice a year, in spring and autumn, do the treatment with both biological and chemical preparations. Recall again that spraying is carried out in the spring before flowering or during, and in the fall after leaf fall.
Powdery mildew
Speaking about how the Pear of the Century variety is sick, one should not forget the powdery mildew. Most often, this infection attacks young leaves and shoots. Less commonly, powdery mildew appears on the flowers and fruits themselves.
The leaves become covered with plaque and stop developing. Many of them fall off. If inflorescences are affected, then those that remain on the tree do not bear fruit, and eighty percent of them simply fall. If powdery mildew struck a young shoot, then it deforms and dries.
Since this is a fungal disease, drought contributes to its spread. To combat the pest, water the tree more often, get rid of dry branches in spring and autumn. A good helper will be spraying with chemicals.
Milky shine
The disease can occur in both a young plant and an old one. The reasons, according to experts, can serve:
- improper care;
- dry soil;
- temperature changes;
- direct sunlight.
With a disease, the foliage does not change its shape, but is covered with a cloudy film. The leaves have a slightly metallic shade, become more fragile and fall off earlier. To avoid this disease, you need, first of all, the correct and timely care of the tree and timely agricultural measures. If everything is done correctly, the disease will soon pass away.
The Pear Century is, according to gardeners, a capricious plant that requires a lot of attention. Having experience, to grow such a variety is a mere trifle. A beginner gardener should study a lot of materials for processing and caring for this tree.
Do not make your summer cottage hard labor, it should be a place of rest, both spiritual and physical. And useful tips for growing were given in this article - we studied all the dangerous diseases, learned to get rid of them. Now it’s not difficult for anyone to grow a named pear. In this matter, the main thing is love and patience, since a lot of time will be spent, but the result is worth it. The fruits of this tree taste very good and have a quality presentation.
As for the feedback of gardeners, the pear called "Century-old" is an excellent dessert, which is better to eat raw. To taste, it resembles the southern varieties of this plant.